【作者】 邹徐文；

【导师】 崔继宪；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁工程技术大学 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 地下煤炭开采必然会形成采空区。若对煤炭开采后形成的采动空间不进行任何处理,则必然会存在开采空间在覆岩层中自下而上的转移,从而导致地表的移动和变形,进而对自然环境和社会环境造成一定程度的损害。通过对煤炭开采沉陷及其控制的研究现状的分析,论文提出了一种与以往控制覆岩层不同的方法,即基于非充分开采理论,利用条带开采和大条带协调开采与充填开采的优点,提出“宽条带跳采全采垮落带浆体注充控制覆岩移动及地表沉陷”的“三下”压煤开采技术。利用数值模拟方法,研究分析了不同覆岩结构类型条件下,在不同采深、不同采宽煤层开采时垮落带的形成特点及规律。通过对煤层开采时顶板岩层的特殊性分析,利用薄板理论,厚硬板及叠层板变形理论,给出了当顶板为薄岩板、厚硬板及叠层板时在覆岩压力作用下的挠度方程。对垮落带破碎岩体按不同粒度进行了压实试验,研究分析了垮落带碎矸的几个相关力学特性指标,在此基础上分析了垮落带浆体注充规律。对垮落带注充后形成“矸-浆复合体”进行了压实试验研究,利用实验结果推导建立了其本构方程和变形计算公式,并利用数值模拟方法研究分析了“矸-浆复合体”对上覆岩层移动的控制。在一定覆岩结构类型条件下,在不同开采宽度、不同采深时,实施该技术路线后,利用数值模拟方法研究分析了垮落带注充宽条带跳采全采控制覆岩与地表的移动变形,并进行了地表移动变形的预测。最后利用研究结论给出工程设计研究的实例。更多还原

【Abstract】 It can cause the space in rock underground when the underground coal exploited. The mining space move in overlying rock to surface, and the surface subsidence must be caused by underground coal mining unless we deal with the mining space very good. The surface subsidence not only destroys the ecological environment, but also damages the surface of buildings.Based on the studying of the current situation of controlling the overlying rock mining movement and the surface subsidence, one technical approach is advanced about“Fly ash is injected into caving zone by high pressure controlling roof and overburden movement”, and achieves the purpose of controlling roof and deformation of overburden movement, slowing surface subsidence, assuring the security of buildings or structures. This paper is mainly about the following major studies.Using numerical simulation and physical simulation method shows the characteristic of mining collapse zone in different mining depth, different mining width and under the different overlying strata types conditions ; gives the flow rule of present flowable fly ash body at collapse strap fragmented rock body and the subsidence characteristic of old rock and strata before and after grouting.Based on the rock plate theory, through the theoretical analysis of the roof structure of overburden rock types, and deduced the mathematical model of roof is derived in thick and thin or thick hard rock plate (laminated) rock plate deformation at the top of it, and gives the calculation method of maximum subsidence of the cover rocks at the top of the coal seam .Using numerical simulation analysis, the width of the strip mining all dancing with mining falling charge injection control surface overlying strata and the process of the simulation, gained the process of mining of overburden rock and surface subsidence of the change, and evaluated the results of grouting effect.Charged with the collapse of the different particle size rock proceeding uniaxial compaction tests witch is restraint on both sides and got all kind of rock deformation, porosity, and broken expansion coefficient and the axial stress changing relations between it, and analysis the changes of these parameters on impact of the grouting.After the mining collapse zone broken rock fly ash slurry grouting, a special material is generated. In this paper, this material is defined as“mixed rock”, and precede stress-strain test on such special material, and established the constitutive equation of it. Using the test, it can gain the relation of "rock - pulp complex" deformation and load pressure, in different pressure and in different circumstances. The changes in the degree of compaction of different water-cement ratio and the strain characteristics of it, and gives the deformation calculation method in the whole mixed rock in support of the overlying strata.Papers finally gives the technology works example, provides the technical implementation of the proposed design ideas and the methods to assure the relevant parameters.更多还原