【作者】 程大友；

【导师】 冯英浚；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 技术经济及管理， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 作为金融体系的三大支柱之一,保险业的健康成长直接关系到金融业的稳定和发展。自1980年恢复经营以来,中国保险业一直保持着强劲的增长势头,保费年均增长率近30%。然而,保险业的经营绩效却与保费高速增长的态势大相径庭,承保利润率和投资收益率低且不稳定。这种现状的背后固然有法律、制度、市场结构、保险市场成熟度等方面的客观原因外,更重要的就是保险公司经营的集约化程度低,缺乏有效的管理。定量刻画保险公司的管理有效程度是提高保险公司管理水平的前提。但是目前对于如何评价保险公司管理有效程度的研究还不够深入,现有文献主要通过绩效评价对保险公司的经营管理状况进行了研究,由于客观基础条件的差异对管理效果的公正性会产生一定的影响,评价结果不能公平地体现保险公司管理的有效程度。针对现有研究的不足,本文就保险公司管理有效性评价展开研究,为提升我国保险公司的管理水平提供理论参考和实践借鉴。保险公司管理有效性评价的实质是运用一定的方法定量刻画保险公司管理的有效程度。定量刻画有效努力程度是研究保险公司管理有效性的关键,有效努力的研究离不开对前沿面状态的分析。本文将生产有效性推广到管理有效性领域,构造管理可能集和管理前沿面,提出了管理有效性的一般形式——基于时间视角的管理有效性和基于空间视角的管理有效性。在此基础上,本文做出以下工作,以期为保险公司管理有效性评价问题的进一步研究提供新的思路和方法。保险公司经营绩效评价是从时间视角评价保险公司管理有效性的基础。本文根据保险公司的经营特征,依据评价指标体系的设计原则,运用系统分析方法,从盈利能力、偿付能力、经营效率、经营稳健性和成长能力五个维度构建了保险公司经营绩效评价指标体系。在分析现有绩效评价方法不足的基础上,提出了整合非线性模糊无量纲化方法和变异系数法的保险公司经营绩效综合评价方法。评价保险公司管理的有效程度不仅要看其当前的绩效评价结果,而且还要考虑它们以往的绩效水平,即所处的客观基础条件。本文以保险公司在第t-1期的绩效作为投入变量(参考指数),在第t期的绩效为产出变量(当前指数),运用数据包络分析方法,构建了基于时间视角的保险公司管理有效性评价模型。基于时间视角的管理有效性评价方法,可有效地去除客观基础条件差异的影响,评价结果反映了保险公司管理者的有效努力程度。以数据包络分析方法为工具,本文选择保险公司在不同维度的绩效分别作为参考指数和当前指数,从空间视角分别建立了保险业务管理有效性和投资管理有效性评价模型,提出了测算保险公司综合管理有效性的线性加权方法。基于空间视角管理有效性评价模型得出的结果分别反映了保险公司在保险业务管理和投资管理两个方面的管理有效程度,为保险公司提升管理水平提供了更多的信息。最后,采用提出的保险公司管理有效性评价方法,本文选取17家财产保险公司和16家人寿保险公司为样本,分别从时间视角和空间视角对样本保险公司的管理有效性评价进行了实证研究。实证结果表明:基于时间或空间视角的管理有效性评价方法可消除客观基础条件差异对管理效果评价的影响;样本保险公司的管理有效程度较低,还存在一定的改进空间。评价结果为样本公司提高管理水平指明了需要改进的领域。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the three underpinnings of financial industry, insurance industry’s healthy growth directly influences the stability and development of financial industry. Since resuming operation in 1980, Chinese insurance industry has been keeping a forceful increasing tendency; the average annual premium growth rate is close to 30%. But, the performance of insurance industry is quite different comparing with the high growth rate of premium. The rate of insurance profit to premium and the return on investment are low and unstable. Besides those objective reasons such as law, system, market structure and market mature level behind this situation, lower intensifies level of insurance operation and lacking efficient and effective management should be the major reasons. Quantitatively scoring insurance companies’managerial effectiveness is the precondition to upgrade their management level. However, existing literatures mainly use performance evaluation to study the operating management situation of insurance companies, since the difference in objective fundamental conditions will influence the fairness of managerial effect, results obtained can not fairly reflect the effective level of insurance company management. Aiming at the deficiency of existing studies, in order to provide theoretical and practice reference for upgrading the management level of insurance companies in China, this paper study the managerial effectiveness evaluation of insurance companies.The essence of insurance company managerial effectiveness evaluation is to quantitatively score the effective degree of insurer management by means of certain method. Quantifying the degree of effective effort is the key to study the managerial effectiveness of insurance company management, and the analysis on frontier surface is the foundation to study effective effort. This paper extends production effectiveness into managerial effectiveness, constructs management possibility set and management frontier surface, and put forwards the general style of managerial effectiveness: managerial effectiveness based on time angle and managerial effectiveness based on space angle. Based on above study, this paper performs following efforts, it is hopeful to provide new thought and method for future researches on insurance companies’managerial effectiveness evaluation.Insurance companies’performance evaluation is the basis to evaluate insurers’managerial effectiveness from time angle. Based on analyzing the operating characteristics of insurance companies, this paper constructs a performance evaluation indicator system of insurance companies from five dimensions of profitability, solvency, operating efficiency, operating stability and growth capability by means of system analysis method according to the design criteria of evaluation indicator system. After analyzing the deficiency of existing performance evaluation method, this paper put forward a synthesis insurer performance evaluation method that integrates nonlinear dimensionless fuzzy handling approach and variance coefficient method.Not only present performance but also previous performance (the objective fundamental conditions) of insurance companies should be considered when evaluating their managerial effectiveness. Let the performance of insurance companies in the period t-1 the input variable and the performance in period t the output variable, this paper constructs a managerial effectiveness evaluation model from time angle by means of data envelopment analysis (DEA). The method can eliminate the influence of difference in objective fundamental conditions, and the results can reflect the level of effective effort of insurance company management.Using data envelopment analysis as a tool and choosing the performance of insurance companies at different dimensions as reference index and current index respectively, this paper establishes models to measure managerial effectiveness of insurance companies from space angle. Two models are established, one for insurance business management, the other for investment management. This paper also puts forward a linear weight method to calculate the synthesized managerial effectiveness of insurance companies. The results indicate the level of effective effort of insurance companies in insurance business management and investment management, and provide more information for insurance companies to upgrade their management level.Last, by means of the proposed methods, this paper performs empirical studies on insurance company managerial effectiveness evaluation using 17 property insurance companies and 16 life insurance companies in China as samples. Empirical results indicate that the managerial effectiveness evaluation method based on time angle or space angle can eliminate the influence of difference in objective fundamental conditions to management effectiveness; the managerial effectiveness level of sample insurance companies is relatively low, and there exists certain space to improve. Results obtained indicate which field should be improved for insurance companies to upgrade their management level.更多还原