【作者】 蒋玉强；

【导师】 肖兴明；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 罐道系统作为提升容器的导向装置，其作用是限制容器在提升过程中产生的横向摆动，其运行质量的好坏直接影响正常提升的平稳性和安全性。罐道系统的动态测试通过提升容器的振动参数来反映罐道的运行状态，对罐道系统装备维护有重要意义。本论文结合矿井提升罐道系统的动态检测和状态评估需要，在罐道－容器－钢丝绳系统耦合动力学模型建立，测试系统的构建，动态测试信号的时频分析及智能故障诊断方面进行了研究。在罐道系统动力学模型研究中，首先建立了多绳摩擦提升方式中钢丝绳－容器系统的垂直振动模型，通过仿真求解和实验分析确定了容器中的垂直振动输出频率成分来源及其影响条件。其次考虑到罐道的弹性、罐耳弹簧的间隙非线性以及垂直方向钢丝绳的弹性，建立了基于提升容器的空间6自由度耦合动力学模型，使之更加接近实际罐道系统的动力作用情况；对各种罐道缺陷激励进行分类，并建立其相应的位移激励函数；针对不同的罐道缺陷激励，对不同工况下提升容器振动加速度响应进行了仿真研究，并通过实验验证了所建模型的合理性。以虚拟仪器技术为基础构建了刚性罐道动态测试系统。确定了动态测试的参数和相应的传感器；针对提升运行变速、变载的特点，确定了既能反映罐道实际运行状况，又方便信号获取和测试设备安装的测试方案；通过相应的软件、硬件设计构建了基于虚拟仪器技术的测量系统，经实验室模拟和煤矿现场试验，测试系统能满足刚性罐道动态检测的要求。综合利用各种时频分析方法和智能算法开展对罐道动态测试信号处理和故障诊断研究。利用Laplace小波相关滤波法提取测试信号中的时频参数特征，与时域峰值参数指标组成条件属性，通过粗糙集理论对其进行合理约简，并结合RBF神经网络优异的逼近和分类能力，对罐道冲击型故障严重程度进行诊断评定；通过基于谐波小波包的多分辨率分解得到测试信号的多频带能量分布，并以其为特征参量，通过模糊聚类FCM算法实现对罐道间距故障状态的诊断识别。运用模糊综合评判法建立了基于动态测试的立井刚性罐道的状态评估体系。首先建立了罐道动态运行状态评估参量体系，提出了基于提升容器振动响应检测分析的罐道动态测试的规范要求；综合罐道动静态测试结果和现场专家检测评价两方面内容建立相应的评估体系；并通过计算实例，验证了基于模糊综合评判法的罐道状态评估系统的有效性。本文共有图111幅，表16个，参考文献164篇。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the guide device of the hoist conveyance, the steel guide system can decrease the horizontal vibration in the hoisting process and make the hoist conveyance move smooth in the vertical direction. The steady of the conveyance as well as the safety were directly influenced by the working condition of the steel guide. The dynamic test method was used to identify the true working condition through the vibration parameters of conveyance, which has great significance to the maintenance of the steel guide facilities. The dissertation was based on the research of coupled dynamics model of the steel guide- hoist conveyance-steel wire rope system, the construction of dynamic test system, the analysis and fault detection methods of the dynamic test signal were developed and the condition assessment of steel guide system was established.On the research of the dynamics mode of the steel guide system, with the help of simulation and experiment verification,the vertical vibration mode of rope-conveyance system in multi-rope friction hoisting situation was established to identify the frequency composition,as well as its origin and influence. Then 6-freedom coupling dynamic model of the hoist conveyance was established, taking the elasticity of the steel guide, the nonlinear interval of the guide shoe spring and the elasticity of the steel wire rope into account, which makes the model closer to the actual steel guide system in dynamic situation; also different steel guide faults and its displacement excitation function were classified,then the conveyance’s vibration acceleration responses were simulated under different steel guide faults excitation with different working conditions. At last, the rationality of the model was tested through the field experiment results analysis.The steel guide dynamic test system was established based on virtual instrument technology. The specific scheme of the dynamic test was confirmed, including the selection of the physical parameters, the mounting position of the sensor, the selection of the test working condition and the synchronization test of the location displacement. Second, the measuring system based on the virtual instrument technology was established with the design of the hardware and software. The sensors with different bandwidth were combined to meet the acceleration dynamic test requirements under normal working condition.Various time-frequency signal process method and intelligent algorithm were utilized to the research on the data process and fault diagnosis of dynamic test results. The characteristic parameters of the vibration signal are extracted by Laplace correlation filtering method, together with the time domain peak value as the condition attribute, and then were reduced by the rough sets theory, with the excellent approximation and classification ability of the RBF neural network, the impulse fault degree of the steel guide was assessed. Through the multiresolution decomposition method based on the harmonic wavelet packet, the energy distribution of the testing signal caused by the spacing change between the steel guides was analyzed by the attribute-weighted fuzzy clustering algorithm.The steel guide condition assessment system based on dynamic test was established by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. First, the author established the steel guide condition evaluation parameters system and the standard of steel guide dynamic test method were put forward by conveyance vibration response analysis. The corresponding assessment system was set up by the static and dynamic testing results as well as field specialist evaluation, the validity of the steel guide condition assessment mode then was tested by field experiment examples.更多还原