【作者】 杨俊；

【导师】 王晓鸣；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 工程管理， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 村镇住宅是指供村镇居民居住和使用的建筑。由于技术与观念的落后,我国的村镇住宅建设一直处于低水平重复建设的局面,资金浪费严重,对资源环境造成冲击,成为我国经济社会可持续发展的薄弱环节。村镇住宅建设经济系统是以村镇住宅生命周期中各类建设和使用活动相关的经济要素为中心,涉及社会、技术、资源环境等多个领域的一个有机整体。研究村镇住宅建设经济系统及其评价方法,对村镇住宅的可持续建设和建设资源的合理化使用,有着重要的理论价值和现实意义。经济因素是人们在选择住宅建设方案时考虑的主要因素之一,采用科学的经济评价方法指导量大面广的村镇住宅建设是新农村建设的重要课题,也是传统的建筑经济学科的发展新领域。随着环境经济学、住宅社会学等学科的发展,将环境与社会因素纳入住宅建设经济评价的范围已成为必须,生命周期与费用效益分析等理论则为村镇住宅建设经济系统的评价提供了方法论支持。本文基于系统论观点对村镇住宅建设经济系统评价方法进行了研究。构建了村镇住宅建设经济系统,研究提出了村镇住宅建设经济系统的成本和效益评价方法,在分析住宅耐久性与可改造性的基础上,建立了基于生命周期的村镇住宅寿命经济评价模型,探讨了基于可持续性的村镇住宅建设项目优化评价方法,并以堰河村农民住宅为例进行了村镇住宅建设经济系统评价实证研究。本文的研究成果主要包括以下内容：(1)村镇住宅建设经济系统特性分析与构建分析了村镇住宅建设经济系统的属性特征,解析了村镇住宅建设经济系统的三维结构,将村镇住宅建设经济系统分为内部经济分系统、外部经济分系统和支持调节分系统,分析了各分系统的内涵和组成,构建了村镇住宅建设经济系统的评价总体框架,并对其各组成部分之间的关联性进行了研究。(2)村镇住宅建设经济系统的成本效益评价分别研究了村镇住宅建设经济系统的内部经济分系统、外部经济分系统和支持调节分系统的成本效益属性和构成,并建立了相应计算模型。重点探讨了村镇住宅绿色化效益与碳减排效益的计算方法,建立了村镇住宅生命周期各阶段的CO2排放量计算模型。(3)基于生命周期的村镇住宅寿命经济评价分析了我国村镇住宅寿命偏短的原因,探讨了村镇住宅耐久性和可改造性的概念及影响因素,建立了村镇住宅改造与更新决策的判别式,比较了村镇住宅改造与重建效益,提出了村镇住宅寿命经济评价公式。(4)基于可持续性的村镇住宅建设项目优化评价分析了村镇住宅建设项目优化评价的相关指标,设计了村镇住宅建设方案的取舍流程图和经济分析流程图。在成本效益分析和寿命经济评价研究基础上,建立村镇住宅建设项目的效益费用比计算式。构建了村镇住宅建设项目的绿化度与社会贡献度评价指标,提出了村镇住宅建设项目综合绩效成本的概念以及计算公式。引入租糙集综合评价法对村镇住宅建设项目的绿化度与社会贡献度进行了计算。提出了村镇住宅建设经济可持续发展度的计算方法。(5)堰河村住宅建设经济系统评价实证研究选择谷城县堰河村的典型农民住宅示范工程为案例,综合应用论文所建评价方法和模型,进行了系统分析和评价计算,验证了所建评价方法和模型的正确性和可操作性,提出了村镇住宅建设项目的实施优化建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Housings in village and town are the buildings for farmers’living and working. The construction of housings in village and town is in low level and repetitive in China because of backward in technologies and concepts, which wastes a lot of money and has bad impact on our resources and environment, and leads to complicit of economic and social sustainable development. Housing construction economic system in village and town is an organic entity which focuses on economic factors related to all types of construction and activities in the life cycle of housings in village and town, and covers society, technology, resource, environment and other fields. It has important theoretic value and practical significance for sustainable construction of housings in village and town and rational use of building resources to research on housing construction economic system in village and town and the evaluation methods.The economic factor is one of the most important factors that people should consider in choosing housing construction scheme. It becomes an important subject that how to use scientific economic evaluation method to guide housings construction in village and town in new rural construction, and it is the new development field of traditional construction economic. As the development of environmental economics and residential sociology, it becomes necessary to bring environmental and social factors into the scope of economic evaluation of housing construction. Theory of life cycle and cost-benefit analysis provide methods and ideas for the evaluation of housing construction economic system in village and town.Based on system theory, the thesis focuses on evaluation methods of housing construction economic system in village and town, establishes housing construction economic system in village and town, and proposes calculation models of costs and benefits of housing construction economic system in village and town, establishes economic evaluation model about life cycle of housings in village and town, discusses optimization evaluation method of housing construction in village and town. Finally the thesis has an empirical research on housing construction economic system in Yanhe Village.The contents of the thesis are arranged as follows:(1) Features analysis and establishment of housing construction economic system in village and townThe thesis analyzes the features and the 3D structure of housing construction economic system in village and town, and divides the housing construction economic system in village and town into three subsystems including the internal economic subsystem, external economic subsystem and the surporting adjustment subsystem, and analyzes the definition and composition of subsystems. The overall evaluation framework of housing construction economic system in village and town is constructed eventually, and the relevance between each part is discussed.(2) Evaluation on the cost and benefits of housing construction economic system in village and townThis thesis analyses properties and constitution of cost and benefit of the internal economic subsystem, external economic subsystem and surporting adjustment subsystem respectively and establishes the calculation model. The thesis mainly discusses the calculation of greening benefits and carbon reduction benefits and constructs the calculation model of CO2 emission in each stage of life cycle of housings in village and town.(3) Economic evaluation on the lifespan of housings in village and townThe thesis analyses the reasons of the short life of housings in village and town, and discusses the concepts and influence factors of durability and transformation of housing in village and town. The thesis establishes discriminant for the reconstruction and renewal decisions of housings in village and town. Compared to reconstruction of house in village and town, the benefits of transformation are analyzed. The thesis proposes the formula of economic evaluation on the lifespan of housings in village and town.(4) Establishment of optimization assessment model of housings construction project in village and town based on sustainable development The thesis analyses the related indexes of optimization assessment of housings construction project in village and town, and draws a flow chart to choose rural housing programs and the other flow chart to make economic analysis. The benefit-cost ratio formula of housings construction project in village and town is constructed from different aspects based on cost and benefit analysis and lifespan economic evaluation. The evaluation indicators of green degree and social contribution degree of housings in village and town are constructed, and the concept and calculation formula of comprehensive performance cost are proposed. Then green degree and social contribution degree are calculated with comprehensive evaluation method based on Rough Set. The thesis puts forward the concept of the degree of economic sustainable development of housings construction in village and town.(5) Case study on evaluation of housing construction economic system in Yanhe VillageA typical peasant house of Yanhe Village in Gucheng County is chosen as an example, this thesis calculates and evaluates the life cycle economic performance by comprehensive application of the methods and models, and verifies the correctness and operability of assessment methods and models. Finally some suggestions to optimize the housings construction in village and town are established.更多还原