【作者】 王晓丽；

【导师】 韩广富；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 马克思主义中国化研究， 2011， 博士

【摘要】 普通高等学校(以下简称高校)推进马克思主义大众化问题是马克思主义理论研究领域中的一个重大课题。1919年的五四运动,使高校与马克思主义结下了不解之缘。高校在90多年宣传普及马克思主义的过程中,始终坚持以马克思主义为指导,依托自身的特点和优势,通过将马克思主义内化于青年学生的理想信仰,辐射带动其他社会群体接受马克思主义,不仅使马克思主义及党的理论创新成果扎根青年学生头脑,而且深入社会民众心中,成为团结和凝聚全党全国各族人民为实现国家富强、民族振兴而奋斗的精神支柱,成为引导我们夺取中国革命、改革开放和社会主义现代化建设事业胜利的强大精神动力。论文运用历史学、文献学、系统科学以及理论与实践相结合、比较研究和历史与逻辑相统一等研究方法,全面阐述了普通高等学校推进马克思主义大众化的进程、内容、特点、路径、经验、目前存在的不足及解决对策等问题,不仅具有重大的学术价值,而且具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。论文由7章内容构成,第1章绪论,主要阐述了论文的选题依据、研究意义、研究现状、研究方法、研究对象、框架结构和创新观点等问题。第2章阐述了高校推进马克思主义大众化问题的研究背景。包括国内外马克思主义经典作家对马克思主义大众化的相关论述和实践,高校推进马克思主义大众化的优势和条件等。第3章阐述了高校推进马克思主义大众化的历史进程。依据时代主题的更迭变化、中国政权执掌主体的变化和不同历史时期所取得的阶段性成果,把1919年到现在,历经90多年的高校推进马克思主义大众化的历史进程划分为四个时期,即高校推进马克思主义大众化的初始时期(1919-1927)、深入时期(1927-1949)、发展时期(1949-1978)和稳定时期(1978-现在)。此外,按照每个时期高校推进马克思主义大众化的内容、对象和途径等不同,做了具体的阶段划分。第4章阐述了高校推进马克思主义大众化的内容和特点。内容主要包括对青年学生宣传普及马克思主义,对主流意识形态的认同和坚定,丰富和发展马克思主义理论和辐射带动其他社会群体实现马克思主义大众化。特点概括为理论传播与现实需要相结合,理论宣传与革命实践相结合,理论普及工农大众相结合,理论提高与党性教育相结合。第5章阐述了高校推进马克思主义大众化的路径和成功范例。路径主要包括依托课堂教学主渠道推进马克思主义大众化,依托校园文化氛围推进马克思主义大众化,依托学科建设平台推进马克思主义大众化,依托社会实践活动推进马克思主义大众化。成功范例包括马克思主义哲学大众化的典型代表:艾思奇和《大众哲学》,高校马克思主义大众化的典型代表:北京大学。第6章阐述了高校推进马克思主义大众化的基本经验。主要包括对苏联、越南、古巴等国外社会主义国家在宣传普及马克思主义理论教育方面进行了比较研究,高度重视借鉴国外社会主义国家高校推进马克思主义大众化的基本经验;建立在高校推进马克思主义大众化的双重队伍;营造在高校推进马克思主义大众化的制度环境;采取贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近学生的推进形式。第7章阐述了当前高校推进马克思主义大众化存在的问题及对策。存在的问题主要包括:师资队伍力量整体素质有待提高;推进体制机制尚未健全完善;青年学生信仰危机普遍存在;宣传普及内容单调枯燥;推进方法形式简单平淡。解决对策主要包括:建立素质精良的马克思主义大众化推进队伍;健全高校推进马克思主义大众化的体制机制;牢固确立马克思主义一元指导地位;在理论创新中探索多样的推进方式。与现有的国内外同类选题的研究成果相比,本篇学位论文的创新观点主要有以下三个方面:第一,论文依据时代主题的更迭变化,中国政权执掌主体的变化及不同历史时期马克思主义大众化所取得的成果特征将高校推进马克思主义大众化90多年的历史进程划分为四个时期。这在目前学术界还是一种大胆的尝试和创新。虽然存在不够成熟的地方,但透射出作者试图从全新角度开展研究,创新研究思路,由此而引发的认同和争议,都将丰富和充实马克思主义大众化的研究成果。第二,论文创造性地概括出高校推进马克思主义大众化的主要内容。不仅有对青年学生进行马克思主义的宣传普及,而且还阐述了如何借助高校的特点和优势,创新和发展马克思主义理论,实现了马克思主义大众化和大众“化”马克思主义的双向过程。在加强全社会对主流意识形态的认同和坚定内容上的阐述更是抓住了高校推进马克思主义大众化的独特贡献,对牢固确立马克思主义在意识形态领域的统领地位提供了理论支撑与政策依据。第三,论文以国际化的视野,创造性地将世界其他社会主义国家依托高校进行马克思主义理论教育的内容和方法与中国进行了对比研究。这在已有的研究成果中极为鲜见,这为马克思主义大众化理论研究宝库增添了新内容。其他社会主义国家在宣传普及马克思主义方面的成败得失,可以为中国提供参考借鉴,更为重要的是在与其他社会主义国家的对比中,突显中国在这方面的成就,让企图颠覆社会主义政权的西方敌对势力感到社会主义国家马克思主义在意识形态领域的地位坚不可摧。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities and Colleges of General Education (Hereinafter referred to as Universities) is a momentous subject in the Marxist Theory field. The May 4th Movement of 1919 made the universities and Marxism forge an indissoluble bond. In the process of disseminating and spreading Marxism over 90 years, universities always adhere to the guidance of Marxism, and use on their own characteristics and advantages to internalize Marxism among young students, at the same time bring along the other social group embracing Marxism. That makes Marxism and the Party’s innovative theoretical achievements deeply rooted in young students’mind and social public. Marxism has become the spiritual support which can unite and condense the whole party and whole nation’s struggle for the country prosperous and the rejuvenation of the ethnicities. Marxism is also the intellectual impetus which leads us get success in Chinese Revolution, Reform and Opening Up and the Socialist Modernization.Based on the methodology of history, philology, system science, the combination of theory and practice, comparative research and unity of history and logic, this paper expounds entirely the process, content, characteristics, experience, routes, existing problems and solutions in Promoting Marxism in Universities. Not only of great academic great value, but also it has the important theoretical and practical significance.The paper is composed by seven chapters. Chapter 1 is the introduction; it mainly expounds the issues including the basis and significance of dissertation, the situation of study, the research methods, the studied object, discourse structure and innovative views.Chapter 2 expounds the research background of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities. It mainly contains domestic and international Marxist writers discussing and practices on this topic, and the advantages of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities.Chapter 3 expounds the historical process of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities. Based on the change of time theme, government body in charge, and the substantive achievement obtained in every historical stage, it divides the over 90 years’historical period from 1919 to present of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities into 4 periods, i.e. the initial period of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities (1919-1927), the penetrate period (1927-1949), the development period (1949-1978), the stable period (1978-now). Moreover, according to the different contents, objects and methods in every period of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities, it also made specific division of stages.Chapter 4 expounds content and characteristics of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities. The content comprises popularizing Marxism among young students, firm recognition of the mainstream ideology, enriching and developing the theory of Marxism, bringing along the other social group to realize the popularization of Marxism. The characteristics are summarized as the combination of spreading theory and practical needs, of theory propaganda and revolutionary practice, of theory popularization and workers and peasants.Chapter 5 expounds various measures and successful examples of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities. It mainly consists of relying on classroom teaching, on campus cultural position, on discipline construction platform, and on social practice activities. The successful examples include the typical delegate of the popularization of Marxist philosophy—Sheng Hsuen and his The Masses Philosophy, and the typical delegate of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities—Peking University.Chapter 6 expounds basic experience of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities. It mainly makes a comparative study of propaganda and spread Marxist theory in foreign socialist countries, such as the Soviet Union, Vietnam, and Cuba. This paper pays high attention to learn experience of Promoting Marxism Popularization in foreign socialist countries; to establish double team in colleges and universities of Promoting Marxism Popularization; to create system environment in colleges and universities of Promoting Marxism Popularization; to take close form to reality, to life and to students.Chapter 7 expounds the existing problems and solutions in Promoting Marxism in Universities. The mainly existing problems are as follow: (1) The teaching staff’s overall quality should be further enhanced; (2) The guarantee mechanism should be sound; (3) The belief crisis prevails universally in young students; (4) The content of propaganda and popularization is boring, the method and form is too simple. The solutions are as follow: the first is to establish a Promoting Marxism Popularization teaching staff which has excellent quality; the second is to perfect mechanism of Promoting Marxism Popularization in universities; the third is to consolidate the unary guiding position of Marxism, and to form the common value ideal and unified values; the fourth is to advance the theory innovation actively; and the last is enrich various advancement methods.Compared with the research results of existing domestic and foreign similar topics, the innovative views of this paper basically have the following three aspects: Firstly, this paper divided the 90 years’historical process of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities into four stages according to reasonable division basis, i.e. the change of time theme, government body in charge, and the substantive achievement obtained in every historical stage. It is a bold attempt and innovation in the current academic circles. Though it is not entirely reasonable, it reflects the author managed to conduct research from a brand-new perspective and innovative research ideas. The identity and disputes arising from this article will enrich and develop Marxism popularization research fields.Secondly, this paper creatively generalizes the major content of Promoting Marxism Popularization in Universities. Not only promotes Marxism among young students, but also explains how to using college features and advantages to enrich and develop Marxist theory to realized the double dimension process of Marxism popularization and popularization of Marxism. As for firm recognition of the mainstream ideology of the whole society, this paper grasps unique contributions of colleges and universities in promoting Marxism popularization, and provides a theoretical support and a policy basis to the leading position of Marxism in the field of ideology in the new time.Finally, this paper creatively makes a comparative study in an international vision on the content of relying on universities to popularize Marxism in other socialist countries and our country. This is rare in the existing research results, at the same time, it adds new research contents to Marxism theoretical study. The success and failure, gain ad loss of other socialist countries in popularizing the Marxism can provide a reference for our country. But more importantly, in the comparison with other socialist countries, our country’s achievements can be highlighted, making the hostile Western force who attempt to subvert socialist regime realize superiority and invincible of the socialist system.更多还原