【作者】 王亚萍；

【导师】 邵俊鹏；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 在客户需求多变和市场竞争的日益激烈的现代企业环境下,传统的面向客户共性需求的产品开发设计方法已经不能适应客户的个性化需求,科学合理的产品设计方法是保证企业适应变化的市场需求、快速开发出高质量、低成本和个性化产品的重要环节,因此,企业要在激烈的市场竞争中取得优势,必须将客户的个性化需求融入到产品的设计中,将产品的设计由“满足设计需求”转变为“满足客户的个性化需求”,以最快的速度、最低的成本提供质量最优的产品来快速响应市场。本文针对大批量定制环境下产品配置设计关键技术进行研究,主要内容包括以下几个部分:客户需求分析及建模技术研究。研究了预测需求和订单需求的获取方法,建立了需求的统一表达形式,在此基础上,对预测需求、订单需求进行聚类、需求值统计及模糊转化;通过迭代法实现了客户订单满意度及聚类粒度之间的协调;最后建立了预测客户需求的本体模型,为订单需求本体的提取奠定基础。基于物场分析法和改进的QFD质量屋的产品族模型研究。建立已有产品功能的物场模型,根据已有产品的设计关系,将预测需求关联到物场模型中,作为模型中的待改进问题,并采用物场分析法进行求解;通过描述需求、技术特征和功能原理之间的关系,改进QFD质量屋,根据改进QFD质量屋中的信息,建立产品族的本体模型,为实现面向订单需求的产品配置奠定基础。基于需求进化和个性化需求预测的产品族更新研究。利用TRIZ创新原则中的进化理论预测需求进化趋势,同时对有历史记录的客户进行个性化需求预测,在以此所得到的动态需求基础上,采用亲和度法对拓展需求进行识别;利用关联规则挖掘将确认后需求映射到功能,根据新功能和原理及结构的耦合度,实现功能到原理和结构的映射,对新结构模块进行定制度分析;用本体元素融合法将新结构模块融合到原有产品族中,实现产品族进化,提高了产品族的全面性和更新速度,支持产品配置设计。基于本体映射和规则匹配的产品配置设计研究。通过相似度计算,将从预测需求本体中提取出与订单需求对应的节点,形成订单需求本体;根据产品族设计时的关联关系,利用本体描述需求域与结构域之间的关系,并将订单中的需求映射为产品结构中配置项和选配项;建立产品结构之间的匹配规则,以订单映射之后的配置项和选配项为输入关系对,进行规则匹配;通过端口属性将选配项结构和固定结构形成产品方案,最后对生成的配置方案进行评价,从经济性、实用性和技术性等三个方面实现了企业和客户两个角度的综合排序,提高了配置设计速度。最后,在系统体系结构和功能模块设计的基础上,建立了原型系统。结合某减速机制造商案例,分析了存在的问题,进行了行星减速机产品设计。通过对应用效果的分析,验证了本文关于面向需求的产品配置设计方法研究结果的正确性和实用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In modern business environment of changing customer demand and increasingly fierce market competition, traditional product development and design methods for customer common demands have been unable to meet individual customer demands, scientific and reasonable product design method is an important link of ensuring enterprises adapt to changing market demands and developing high-quality, low cost, and personalized products rapidly. Therefore, enterprises want to take advantage in the fierce market competition, it must merge the individual demands of customers into product design, changing product design from the "meet the design requirements" to "meet the individual requirements of customers," which provides best quality products to respond market quickly by the fastest speed and the lowest cost. Aiming at the key technology of product configuration design in MC environment, the dissertation fastens on the following issues:Customer demands analysis and modeling technology are researched. Acquisition methods of forecast demands and order demands are researched and the unified expression form of demand is established. On this basis clustering, statistics of demand value and fuzzy transformation of forecast demand and order demand are made. The coordination between customer satisfaction and cluster size is achieved by iteration method. Finally, the ontology model of predicted customer demands is established to lay the foundation for the extraction of order demand ontology.Product family model based on object field analysis and improved QFD house of quality is researched. The object field model of existed products function is established, based on the design relationship of existed products forecast demands are related to the object field model as a improving problem of model, the solution is carried out using object field analysis method. By describing the relationship between demands, technical features and function principles, QFD house of quality is improved. According to the information of improved QFD house of quality, the product family ontology model is built to lay a foundation for achieving order demand-oriented product configuration.Product family update based on demand evolution and personalized demand forecast is researched. Using evolutionary theory of TRIZ innovation principles the demand evolutionary trend is predicted, at the same time personalized demand forecast is made for customers who have historical records. On the basis of obtained dynamic demands, development demands are identified by affinity degree method. Using association rule dig confirmed demands are mapped to function. Mapping from functions to principle and structure is achieved according to the coupling of new features and principles and structure. The customizable degree of new structure modules is analyzed. Using ontology fusion elements new structure modules are integrated into the existing product family to achieve evolution of product family and improve the comprehensiveness and update speed of product family and support the product configuration design.Product configuration design based on ontology mapping and rule matching is researched. The corresponding node with order demand from forecast demand ontology is extracted to form order demand ontology by similarity calculation. According to the association of product family design, the relationship of demand domain and structure domain is described using ontology and order demands are mapped to configuration items and matching items in product structure. Matching rules between product structures are established and rules matching is performed taking configuration items and matching items after order mapping as input relation pairs. Matching items structure and fixed structure is formed product program through the port attribute, finally, the generated configuration program is evaluated, the comprehensive sort of enterprise and customers from three aspects of economic, practical and technical is achieved and the speed of configuration design is improved.Finally, the prototype system was established based on the design of system architecture and function module. Combining with a case of certain reducer manufacturer, the existing problems were analyzed and the design of planetary reducer was performed. Research results of product configuration design method for demand proposed in this paper are verified by analyzing application results.更多还原