【作者】 漆振光；

【导师】 赵光圣；

【作者基本信息】 上海体育学院 ， 民族传统体育学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 在我国实施可持续发展战略的时代背景下,竞技武术走可持续发展之路是必然选择,而对竞技武术人才资源进行合理开发,是保持竞技武术可持续发展的决定性因素。因此,对竞技武术人才资源开发的相关问题进行研究,具有非常积极的现实意义。本文主要采取文献资料、专家访谈、问卷调查等研究方法,从可持续发展观的视角出发,结合新时期我国经济社会发展的实际情况,以人才学、人力资本理论和人力资源开发与管理等学科理论作为本研究的理论基础,对我国竞技武术人才资源开发的培养、配置和使用等重要环节相关问题进行研究,得出以下主要结论：第一,竞技武术人才资源开发的指导思想是可持续发展观；竞技武术人才资源开发的目标是获得最大的使用价值、发挥最大的主观能动性和培养全面发展的人；竞技武术人才资源开发应遵循整体性开发、市场开发、学习与训练相结合开发、培养与使用相结合开发和开放性开发等基本原则。第二,竞技武术人才资源开发是一项复杂的社会系统工程,应重视和加强竞技武术人才培养、流动和激励等主要环节,实现育人与用人的有机结合。第三,在竞技武术人才资源开发过程中,准确把握影响竞技武术人才成长的主要因素是促进竞技武术人才培养的关键。影响优秀武术教练员成长的主要因素是项目制胜规律因子、激励与应变能力因子、客观条件因子、品德因子、计划与协调因子、人格魅力因子、创新素质因子、学习总结因子、科研素质因子和环境保障因子。影响优秀武术运动员成长的主要因素是良好的个性心理品质、良好的身体条件、优秀教练的指导、善于总结经验教训、经历大赛的磨练、明确的奋斗目标、准确把握竞技武术项目制胜规律、良好的训练环境和家庭支持等。第四,竞技武术人才资源的地域分布是否均衡是影响竞技武术人才资源开发的重要因素。当前我国竞技武术人才资源主要集中在东部经济发达地区和有着良好武术传统的地区,而一些边远落后地区其资源很少甚至没有,严重制约了竞技武术人才资源合理有效开发。应通过建立有效的竞技武术人才市场运行机制和宏观调控手段,来促进竞技武术人才的合理流动,使竞技武术人才资源地域分布趋于均衡。第五,文化素质低是影响武术运动员人才资源开发的主要因素。为拓展武术运动员未来发展空间,必须加强其文化教育。武术运动员培养模式创新的路径是分阶段分层次推进武术运动员培养模式的创新、完善“体教结合”培养模式、建立健全武术运动员培养体系的监管机制、加强优秀武术运动员职业教育、健全武术运动员培养的市场机制、强化激励机制。第六,影响武术教练员人才资源开发的重要因素是其综合素质偏低,其资源开发的路径是树立武术教练员专业化发展理念,建立和完善岗前岗后教育相结合的一体化培养体系,加强培养的相关法规制度、培训教材、培训信息化建设,建立培训经费保障机制。第七,建立有效的竞技武术人才市场运行机制,是促进竞技武术人才的合理流动,实现其资源优化配置的必然要求。完善竞技武术人才市场的主要措施是确立竞技武术人才市场主体地位、明晰资本产权、加强培育人才市场体系的中介组织和经纪人、加强市场法规制度建设和市场宏观调控、完善社会保障制度。第八,激励是促进竞技武术人才资源开发的重要手段。在竞技武术人才培养和使用过程中,保持激励标准的全面性、激励手段的灵活性、激励过程的持续性、正激励与负激励相结合、短期激励与长期激励相结合,体现激励的层次性和多样性、兼顾公平与效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the background of implementing the strategy of sustainable development in China, it is an inevitable choice for competitive Wushu to develop in the way of sustainable development. Moreover, it is the key factor to sustain the development that exploring and utilizing competitive Wushu talent resources reasonably. In consequence, it’s very practical and positive for people to do research on the correlative issues about the exploring of talent resource. In this thesis, we adopt the instruments such as literature, interview, and questionnaire and the visual angle of sustainable development, to study the academic and practical questions of the key parts, such as cultivating, deploying and employing, in the process of exploring talent resources. The study combines the actuality of the social and economic development of our country in new period. And the theoretical basics of the study are science of personnel, human capital theory and the theory of exploring and managing human resources. After the research, we can draw the conclusions as follows:1. We should make the concept of sustainable development as the guiding ideology of competitive Wushu talent resources development. During this development, we should establish the targets such as minimizing the waste of resources, maximizing our subjective initiative and cultivating integrated talents, and obey the exploitation basic principles of integrity and open, to explore the market in the way of integrating learning with training and cultivating with utilizing.2. As competitive Wushu talent resources development is a complex social systems engineering, we should emphasize and strengthen the main links of training, flowing and inspiriting of competitive Wushu talents, in order to realize its organic synthesis of educating people and employing people.3. In the process of exploring competitive Wushu talent resources, it is the key factors of accurately grasping the growth regularity of competitive Wushu talents to promote competitive Wushu talents training. There are certain regulations in the development of competitive Wushu talents. According to our study, the main factors that influence the growing procedure of an excellent Wushu coach or athlete are complex. There are factors of the former one, such as the regulations to get the upper hand in a certain item, ability of inspiring and meeting an emergency, impersonal condition, moral characters, ability to organize and make plans, personality enchantment, sense of innovation, ability of summarizing and researching, and environmental guarantee. And the factors of the latter one are favorable personality and mentality, outstanding physical condition, leading by excellent coach, ability of summarizing experiences and lessons, annealed by mega-games, explicit target for striving, understanding the regulations to get the upper hand in a certain item, favorable training environment and family support.4. Competitive Wushu talent resources’region distribution is important influence factors of exploring its resources. In our country, most of its resources distribute in the east part of China where the economic is highly developed, or some district with Wushu tradition. But in some outlying areas of the country, there is less or even no talent resource at present. That is to say, the resources are unevenly distributed throughout the country, which badly influenced the exploring of cultivate and utilize the resource. By means of establishing effective operational mechanism of competitive Wushu talents market and the macroeconomic regulation and control method, promoting competitive Wushu talents reasonable flowing, and make region distribution of competitive Wushu talents resources trend to be balanced.5. It is basic factor of low cultural quality affects Wushu athlete resources using development. In order to space which will develop in the future for Wushu athlete, we must take seriously to strengthen its cultural education. To innovate the pattern of cultivating Wushu athletes, we can do many things. First, we must promote the innovation in the model of cultivating athletes gradually. Second, we should perfect the combination of sports and education. Third, we should build a sanity supervision system to ensure that Wushu athlete cultivation system can run normally. Forth, we should strengthen outstanding Wushu athlete vocational education. Fifth, we can build a sanity market system for athlete cultivation. Sixth, we should intensify the system of encouragement.6. It is important factors of lower comprehensive quality effecting Wushu coach resources development. We can build and consummate a theory system to train Wushu coaches professionally and an integrative cultivation system to train them before and after their taking a post. We can also strengthen the construction of correlative statues and systems, as well as teaching materials for the coaches. Promoting the construction of coaches based on information, and building a mechanism to ensure the outlay for coach training is very important, too.7. Setting up the effective operational mechanism of competitive Wushu talent market and promoting competitive Wushu talent to flow rationally is the inevitable requirement of realizing optimal allocation of competitive Wushu talent resources. There are also some methods to perfect the competitive talents market. We can establish its principal status and social security system and clarify the capital property rights of the talents. And things like cultivating intermediary institutions and brokers, establishing a statute system, and the macro-control on the market still need strengthening.8. Inspiriting is important means of promoting competitive Wushu talent resources development. Inspiriting the athletes during the process of cultivating and utilizing them is very important to raise their enthusiasm and creativity. We should sustain the comprehensiveness of criterion, the flexibility of methods, the long-term of process and the hierarchy and variety of the inspiring. Meanwhile, we must combine the equitableness with efficiency, the positive encouragement with negative one and the short-term encouragements with long-term ones.更多还原