【作者】 杨帆；

【导师】 徐长生；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 西方经济学， 2010， 博士

【摘要】 在西方的传统扭曲理论中,一般认为市场扭曲是由于市场机制自身具有的调节功能失灵所造成的,而不是由市场之外的因素所造成的。因此,本文试图找出不同经济体制下市场扭曲形成机制之间的差异,通过建立一个更加系统的理论框架,将有西方传统的扭曲理论扩展到分析我国经济转型时期市场扭曲的形成原因及其所产生的经济效应的视角中去。本文在详细对比了西方市场经济条件下、我国计划经济条件下和经济转轨时期市场扭曲的形成机制差异的基础上,提出了我国在市场经济条件下所特有的市场扭曲形式,并对其所产生的宏观经济效应进行了研究,由此形成本文的基本观点是：我国经济运行中所存在的市场扭曲主要不是由于市场失灵所造成的,而是由于政府对经济的直接干预所形成的体制性扭曲,并且这种体制性扭曲会对我国现阶段经济运行的各个方面产生负面的影响,最终会影响到我国经济可持续增长。通过采用理论分析、比较分析、计量分析等方法从理论和经验两方面对上述观点进行论证,本文得出了以下结论：(1)对中国这样一个处于经济转轨时期的国家而言,经济运行中除具有一般性由于市场因素形成的各类扭曲之外,还存在着更广泛的从计划经济向市场经济转变过程中的非市场性因素所形成的扭曲,并且这种非市场性因素所形成的扭曲是导致我国现阶段市场扭曲产生的重要根源。(2)在对我国现阶段由于市场扭曲所造成的产业结构失衡、地区经济差距拉大和金融市场效率低下等三个方面的经济效应进行分析之后发现,市场扭曲对于经济增长的阻碍作用是存在的。(3)从经济发展的角度来看,虽然现阶段我国市场扭曲对经济增长有一定的负面影响,但是随着我国经济体制和市场化改革的逐步深入,在逐步消除市场中存在的扭曲现象的同时,经济运行中各种市场扭曲的程度也正在逐步降低,各种资源配置的效率也在逐渐提高,市场扭曲对经济发展的阻碍作用正在逐步地减小。本文的理论贡献和现实意义主要体现在以下几个方面：(1)本文在对西方传统扭曲理论进行全面分析的基础上,基于中国经济体制转型的现实背景,对我国现阶段市场扭曲产生的内在机理和表现形式进行了研究,这在一定程度上补充和丰富了西方以成熟的市场经济运行机制为假设前提的传统扭曲理论。(2)本文着重于对我国现阶段市场扭曲行为的计量研究,将各种影响市场扭曲的因素整合在统一的框架内进行测度,试图从市场扭曲这个反面角度来审视中国经济体制转轨的进程,并揭示我国经济体制改革深化过程中存在的问题,这与传统的从正面说明市场化进程的研究有所不同。(3)在对中国地区经济差距扩大的分析过程中,本文认为在经济运行中存在市场扭曲的情况下,生产要素不仅在区域间自由流动受到限制,而且在行业间的流动也受到限制,使得经济收敛的内在机制无法在我国地区之间发挥调节作用。(4)本文在分析市场扭曲所产生的经济效应的过程中,通过数理建模对所要研究的内容进行刻画,并运用计量的方法对结果进行检验,弥补了过去国内学者注重使用计量分析的不足。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Western traditional distortions theories are generally believed that market distortion is caused by the market failure rather than the other factors. Therefore, this dissertation attempts to identify the mechanism of market distortions under different economic system and establish a more systematic theoretical framework. There will be extended the Western traditional distortions theories to analysis the causes of market distortions in the period of China’s economic transition and the economic effects caused by the distortion.On the basis of comparing the different mechanism of market distortions under the Western market economy and China’s planned economy, we propose specific forms of market distortions in the period of China’s economic transition and analyze the economic effects caused by those distortion. Then our basic viewpoint is that the market distortions in the China’s transition period are not caused by the market failure mostly, but by the direct intervention form the governments. Those market distortions would be caused a negative impact to all aspects of China’s economic operation and will ultimately affect China’s sustained economic growth.The dissertation elaborates from empirical analysis and theoretical analysis based on theoretical analysis, comparative analysis, econometric method. The main conclusions of this dissertation are as follows:(1) The distortions in China’s transition period are not only caused by the market factors, but also by the non-market factors which exist in the process of the transition of China’s planned economy toward a market economy, and the distortions caused by this non-market factors are the most important source of market distortiongs which exist in China’s present economic operation.(2) Based on analysis of eonomic effeets caused by matket distortions from industrial structure imbalance, regional disparityand financia markets inefficient, the dissertation finds that the market distortions hindering the economic growth.(3) From the perspective of economic development, although the market distortions have a negative impact to the present of China’s economic growth, this negative impact will be gradual elimination with the gradual deepening of market reform and the reform of China’s economic system. At the same time, with the gradual elimination of market distortions which exixt in the market, the efficiency of the allocation of resources is gradually improving, and the hindering effect to the economic development caused by market distortions is gradually reduced.The theoretical contributions and realistic significance in this dissertation are as fellows:(1) Based on the overall analysis of traditional distortions theories and under the practical background of China’s economic transition, we do an intensive study for the internal mechanism and manifestations of the market distortions in China’s transition period. To a certain extent, this study complements and enriches the Western traditional distortions theories.(2) By putting all the factors which caused market distortion into an unified framework, this paper focuse on the quantitive analysis of market distortion in this period. From this, we can examine the process of China’s economic transition form another sides and reveal the problems form the process of China’s economic system reform. This method is different form the traditional research which use the positive view to examine the China’s marketing process.(3) During the analysis of China’s regional economic disparities, this dissertation finds that in the case of market distortions, the free movement of production factors is limited not only in the inter-regional but also in the inter-industry, which makes the internal mechanism of economic convergence can not play a regulatory role between regionals in China.(4) By using the econometric method to investigate the eonomic effeets caused by market distortions and using the empirical approach to test the results, this paper make up for the deficiency of the exist studies, which pay more attention to the quantitive analysis.更多还原