【作者】 李晓梅；

【导师】 齐二石；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 作为国家支柱产业,汽车工业的发达程度已经成为了一个国家综合国力的象征之一。汽车复杂的产品结构拉动了数以万计的汽车零部件及相关材料供应商为之配套,同时由于采购成本占整车产品成本比例最高,因此往往成为整车制造企业最为关注的成本改善环节。然而,目前我国汽车行业供应商与整车厂的关系还多处于完全对立的局面,整车厂缺乏一套能够提升综合能力的选择评价体系,他们通常只是将来自于市场的汽车产品降价压力直接传导给供应商,而没有通过协同作业伴帮助供应商进行降成本的方法与对策分析,从而导致了供应商以牺牲产品质量为代价来进行成本降低活动,这必然引发最终的整车产品质量下降和企业信用危机。本文在对10家国内自主品牌与合资品牌汽车企业进行系统调研和对汽车工业发展历史回顾的基础上,对我国汽车工业发展的现状进行了分析,并对供需网理论及其协同方法研究综述、供应商选择评价指标体系研究现状和供应商选择评价方法研究现状进行了大量的文献回顾。论文构建了以汽车制造企业为核心的汽车供需网协同管理模型,并针对汽车制造企业产品全生命周期进行了业务核心型、业务贯穿型和业务支持型等三类组织的相互协同关系研究。同时分别针对研发、采购、生产和销售等业务核心型组织、规划、质量、物流和财务等业务贯穿型组织以及综合管理及企业文化、信息化和环境等业务支持型组织的自身能力与协同能力相关指标进行了确定与说明,并通过评价指标权重的确定和无量纲方法的选取处理构建了最终的供应商选择评价体系。论文还针对整车厂采购部门、整车厂其它部门和供应商三者之间涉及业务进行了协同对策的深入研究,为供应商与整车厂的协同效果以及供应商被评价指标相关能力的提升起到了积极的指导作用。论文最终通过XL公司的算例分析对供应商选择评价体系的具体评价过程和评价体系功能进行了具体说明,首先论文通过对XL公司两类具有代表性的零部件(一标件和专用件)的10家备选供应商(一标件和专用件各5家)的指标体系相关数据输入分析,说明了供应商选择过程的具体方法;而后通过对XL公司某汽车产品平台的46家一标件供应商和166家专用件供应商的评价指标模拟仿真分析,做出了供应商自身能力与协同能力的回归分析,对供应商初步选择方案提供了再确定的决策支持素材,供应商管理委员会将参照回归分析的结果对供应商选择方案进行最终确定。此外,论文还通过聚类分析将这212家供应商进行了分两大类的定级处理,根据供应商所处级别做出相应措施,同时通过判别分析可以对新入选供应商进行定级处理,指导供应商迅速发现自身优劣势所在,以明确自身发展的目标与方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the national cornerstone industry, the level of the development of automobile industry has become a symbol of a country comprehensive national strength. Complicated products structure spur on forming a complete set on millions of automobile components and parts vendors and the relevant materials suppliers. Since procurement costs account for sixty to eighty percent of total automotive product cost, it always becomes the most concerned cost improving segment for assembly factories. Nevertheless, at present relations between suppliers and assembly factories are mostly in completely antagonistic situation in Chinese automobile industry, and most assembly factories do not have a scientific performance measurement system for evaluating and helping suppliers improve their comprehensive abilities. They always prefer to transmit the stresses of automotive products’cutting price to supplier directly rather than helping suppliers find ways to cut their costs by coordinated developing. It will lead to suppliers reducing the cost with sacrificing the product quality which will trigger ultimate product quality decline and credit crisis.This dissertation sets up a coordinated management model of the whole supply - demand network and studies on the coordinated relations each other among three organizations through-going automobile products total life-cycle, including core-business organizations, through-business organizations and supporting-business organizations, on the basis of investigating and surveying 10 automobile national enterprises with self-developed brand and joint ventures systematically and doing a great literature review on suppliers’selection and evaluation index systems and methods. The dissertation not only set up the selection and evaluation system of suppliers from self-ability and coordinated ability according to the category of research & development, procurement, manufacturing, sales & services, planning, quality, logistics, finance, comprehensive management, information and environment modules, but study on the coordinated tactics among the procurement department, other departments of assembly factory and suppliers which make a great active and directive function on promoting the coordinated effects between suppliers and assembly factories. At last the dissertation illustrates the whole above system with a sample of XL Company. Then it does the simulation research of 46 suppliers of standard components and parts and 166 suppliers of individual components and parts of XL Company to define the performance level of them by using the methods of regression analysis, cluster analysis and discrimination analysis to help the suppliers find their advantage and shortcoming and set developed orientation and target themselves.更多还原