【作者】 谢佳芬；

【导师】 刘金友；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 现代法治国家的刑事程序,承认被告人作为程序主体,因此享有防御权利,刑事诉讼制度必须保障被告人有排除国家司法机关对其不利指控并进而影响程序进行方向的机会,辩护制度通常是这种法治思想下的产物。作为一项法律制度,刑事辩护制度反映了一个国家对司法公正和诉讼民主的追求。一般认为,刑事辩护是指犯罪嫌疑人、被告人及其辩护人针对控方的指控而进行的论证犯罪嫌疑人、被告人无罪、罪轻、减轻或免除罪责的反驳和辩解,以保护犯罪嫌疑人、被告人合法权益的诉讼行为。本文认为刑事辩护是指犯罪嫌疑人、被告人及其辩护人针对控方指控提出主张,并论证犯罪嫌疑人、被告人无罪、罪轻、减轻、免除处罚以及程序性权利受到侵犯的情况,以保护犯罪嫌疑人、被告人合法权益的诉讼行为。刑事辩护权是法律赋予犯罪嫌疑人、被告人针对控诉进行辩解,以维护自己合法权益的一种诉讼权利,它是犯罪嫌疑人、被告人在诉讼中的基本权利。辩护权是具有宪法性质的权利。本文的正文分为六章,各章主要内容如下:第一章,刑事辩护的基本理论问题。本章从刑事辩护的内涵和特征入手,对刑事辩护制度的理论基础和功能进行了深入讨论,指出辩护人的独立诉讼参与人地位是符合国情的,而且随着人权保障理念的加强,处于动态辩护中,最后对辩护人责任问题进行了讨论。第二章,刑事辩护制度的基本内容。本章指出了刑事辩护的主体是犯罪嫌疑人、被告人及其辩护人,并对刑事辩护类型进行了分析,并着重对实体性辩护、程序性辩护及其关系进行深入讨论,最后对刑事辩护权利进行了展开论述。第三章,刑事辩护制度的历史沿革。本章用制度的历史发展来阐述概念。刑事辩护制度曾与政治民主共兴衰,其要义在于通过实体性辩护和程序性辩护实现对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的人权保障。辩护人职业的发展和角色的独立对刑事辩护制度的发展至关重要。第四章,刑事辩护制度的域外考察。本章从台湾地区的刑事辩护制度入手,分析了台湾地区制度上和理论上的刑事辩护制度,然后进一步从会见权、阅卷权、调查取证权、豁免权、拒证权、律师在场权等角度对其他国家相关制度进行了考察分析。第五章,刑事辩护制度的现状分析。本章从刑事辩护制度现状入手,指出了现实中存在的若干问题,并从诉讼观念、诉讼构造、职业素质、制度缺失等方面分析了存在问题的原因。第六章,刑事辩护制度的完善建议。本章从刑事辩护制度的总体设想入手,从侦查阶段的辩护人地位、会见权、调查取证权、阅卷权、律师在场权、证人出庭作证制度、程序性辩护制度等方面提出了制度完善建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Modern Criminal procedure law admit that the defendant has the right of defending as a party,so the country should guarantee his chance to denial disadvantage accusations and influence the verdict.That nomocracy idea brings the Criminal defense system.The country pursues judicatory equity and democracy by law system,and the Criminal defense system is included.In a common opinion,Criminal defense is the action of rebutting and exculpation of the defendant,suspects and their paraclete to prove innocence,misdemeanor,mitigate or release punishment with the intention to protect their legal rights and interests.But the author thinks that Criminal defense is also the action to protect their procedural rights from aggrieving, which has not been included in commom ideas.So the right of defending is basic and necessary for the defendant and suspect as a constitutional right.Following this idea,the thesis on hand is divided into six chapters.ChapterⅠintroduce the basic theory of Criminal defense.Starting with the concept and characters of Criminal defense system,this part discussing deeply its academic foundation and functions.The defender is an independent participant in criminal procedure,and his status will be enhanced with the developing of human rights.Finally,the thesis researches the defender’s obligation.ChapterⅡwill tell you the content of modern Criminal defense system. This part emphasizes criminal defense types of entity and procedure and their relationship.At last the right of defending is discussed in detail. In chapterⅢ,the author introduces the history of Criminal defense system.The soul of Criminal defense system is safeguarding human rights. The development of democracy can drive Criminal defense system advancing.The history of Criminal defense system tells us that independence of paraclete profession influence this system.ChapterⅣresearches criminal defense systems of foreign countries and areas.The law and theory of Taiwan are introduced firstly,and then the criminal defense systems in other states are analysed.China is facing unexpected difficulties of catching the legislators unprepared.ChapterⅤpresents the problems in Criminal defense system and criminal procedure practice of China,and analyses the reasons for procedure idea,structure,regulation,defending level etc.ChapterⅥresearches how to amend Chinese criminal defense system.The author give an integrate advice,following which this part suggests to add regulations to strengthen guaranteeing the rights in nine aspects.更多还原