【作者】 张睿；

【导师】 王韬；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 开放经济条件下,一国政府的政策制定不可能孤立于整个世界经济大发展圈,外国资本的流入以及本国资本的对外投资都会影响到政府税收政策的制定。本文结合世界资本所得的实际课税政策,研究了国际税收竞争下的资本所得课税问题。通过对标准税收竞争模型的扩展,本文分析了外国直接投资和外国证券投资所得的最优课税政策,并运用计量经济方法进行了实证分析,由此得到的结论揭示了国际资本税收的发展特点并深化了税收竞争理论的研究。首先,本文在分析税收竞争标准模型及其扩展方法基础上,对跨国公司在东道国和居住国的投资及相应税收进行分析,建立了新的跨国公司国际税收竞争模型。国际税收竞争经典理论认为小型开放经济应放弃对资本所得课税,然而不同的避免双重征税的方法会造成跨国公司税后利润的差别,也会对东道国和居住国的税收收入产生影响,形成不同的政府收入函数。通过均衡税率求解,本文得到了小型经济与大国的最优资本所得税收政策。结论证明了在现有国际税收协定模式下,在大多数情况下主权国家的最优税收政策都是对资本所得从源征税。在接下来的实证分析中,本文计算了跨国公司最主要的资本税负公司所得税收负担。通过抽样选取19个国家的公司所得税数据及相关度量指标的计算,本文对近40年的全球公司所得税平均有效税率进行了跨国跨时期的统计分析,并运用时间序列的计量经济方法进行了进一步的推断性统计检验,结果反映了全球化经济发展下世界公司所得税税负的变化趋势及特点。此外,本文还研究了跨国公司来自于东道国和居住国的金融资本所得税收。开放经济环境带来金融资本的频繁流动,由于金融资本自身易于隐藏税基的特点,为利息和股息等金融资本提供了大量的逃税机会。面对这一挑战,各国政府可以提高预提税税率或加强税收情报交换。本文分析了两种方法下的经济影响,认为加强情报交换是较优的选择。通过建立均衡模型及求解,结论证明引入税收收入分享机制能够吸引小国参与税收情报交换体制,结论有助于促进国际税收情报交换制度的建立。最后,本文应用上述理论模型及结论对中国的资本所得税制进行了理论及实证分析,并提出了我国在开放经济国际税收竞争下的资本所得税制改革的合理建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In open economy, the policy decision of any country can not be isolated to the entire world economic development. The inflows and outflows of foreign investment capital would affect the government taxation policy. This dissertation studies capital income taxation under international tax competition with the consideration of actual capital income taxation system. Based on the expansion of standard tax competition model, optimal income taxation policy of foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment is analyzed. Empirical study is also carried on by using econometric method. The conclusions from such studies promulgate characteristics of international capital taxation development and have deepened tax competition theory research.First, this dissertation discusses the standard tax competition model and the corresponding expansion. By analyzing relative taxes of multinationals investment in resident country and host country, a new tax competition model is built by adding an important factor: multinational corporations. Classic theory of international tax competition claims that it is better to give up capital income tax for a small open economy. However, different ways of avoiding international double taxation can create profit differences of multinational corporations, which can influence tax revenues of both host country and resident country, and forms different government revenue functions. This dissertation obtains optimal taxation policy of capital income for small open economy and large economy by solving equilibrium tax rates. The conclusions prove that under the existing international tax agreement pattern, the optimal policy for most countries is to collect capital income tax at source.Second, the empirical analysis measures corporate income tax burden, which is the main tax burden of capital in multinational corporations. With the calculation of the indexes of corporate income tax burden in the selected 19 countries, this dissertation compares the global average effective tax rates across countries and over period for 40 years. Meanwhile, econometric methodology of time series is utilized to do further inference statistics analysis. The conclusions express the tendency and characteristics of the world corporation income tax burden in globalization economy.Third, this dissertation studies financial capital income taxation of multinational corporations in host countries and resident countries. The open economy environment brings frequent flow of financial capital, which provides plenty of tax evasion opportunities for financial capital such as interest and dividend. Facing this challenge, governments in various countries can solve this problem through raising tax rate of withholding tax or strengthening tax information exchange. This dissertation discusses the economic influences of the two methods individually, and claims that to promote information exchange is a better choice. Through the establishment and solution of equilibrium model, this dissertation gets the conclusion that small countries would be attracted to participate in tax information exchange system by introducing tax revenue sharing mechanism. And this is helpful to promote the establishment of international tax information exchange system.Finally, the previous theoretical models and conclusions are used to analyze capital income tax system in China. Based on the theoretical and empirical analyses, this dissertation concludes reasonable suggestions to Chinese capital income taxation reform in open economy’s tax competition.更多还原