【作者】 邹强；

【导师】 张之圣；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 微电子学与固体电子学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 近年来,纳米尺度结构的氧化物,尤其是纳米管、纳米线、纳米棒、纳米带等形貌特征的金属氧化物,因拥有奇异的性能特征,引起了科技领域的广泛关注。一维纳米材料在物理、生命、工程等交叉学科领域应用前景广阔,因此备受关注。本文提供了3种实验体系进行了一维纳米结构的金属氧化物的制备研究,合成了各种形貌特征的带状一维纳米结构。利用SiO2材料为衬底,高分子金属络合物为前躯体,经过一系列热处理工艺,成功的合成了包括ZnO、MgO、NiO、PbO、Mn₂O₃、Co₂O₃、CuO、Fe₂O₃在内的8种一维纳米结构金属氧化物。分析了前驱体溶液的混合浓度、混合均匀程度、热处理温度、热处理时间、衬底种类等因素对合成一维纳米结构的金属氧化物的影响。本文报道了一种新的制备工艺―“熔点法”。在600℃温度下,利用金属Zn一步合成了长度大约10μm,厚度30～50nm的ZnO针状纳米带结构。并分析了热处理温度、保温时间、升温速度、升温方式对产物形貌的影响。研究表明热处理目标温度600℃,升温方式为渐进式升温为一步合成ZnO针状纳米带结构的最佳方案。利用表面覆盖ZnO纳米晶的金属Zn片作为衬底,以Zn²⁺和PVA组成的高分子络合物（MMC）为前躯体,经过一步法600℃热处理2h,成功合成了形貌特征均匀的纳米草状结构。并通过AFM进行了一维纳米结构ZnO力学性能初步的探索,发现了一维纳米结构不同于宏观物体的奇特力学特性。利用PL谱表征分析,研究了不同方法制备出的各种形貌带状ZnO一维纳米结构的光学特性,发现本文尝试的3种实验方法制备出的ZnO一维纳米材料,在激光的激发下发出的光均为绿光。使用3D软件,简单地讨论了一维纳米材料的生长机理,并构想了ZnO一维纳米材料工业化生产的流水线模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, oxide nanostructures, especially one-dimension metal oxides including nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods, nanoribbons and nanobelts have attracted considerable attention in scientific research and technological applications due to their novel properties. The field of one-dimensional（1D） nanotechnology represents an exciting and rapidly expanding research area that crossed the borders between physical, life and engineering sciences.Using three different experimental methods, many shapes like belts of one dimensional structured metal oxides were prepared.Including ZnO、MgO、NiO、PbO、Mn₂O₃、Co₂O₃、CuO、Fe₂O₃,8 kinds of one dimensional structured metal oxides were produced,with SiO₂ as substrate materials and macromolecular metal complex（MMC） as precursors. Such as mixing concentration, mixing uniform level, thermal treatment temperature, thermal treatment time and substrate materials, many influencing factor in the synthesis process had been studied.In this research, we show a new method to prepare one dimensional structured metal oxides. It was named as melting point method. By one step thermal treatment process, metal zinc transformed to zinc oxide（ZnO） nanoblets like needle were composited at 600℃, the length is about 10μm,and the thickness is about 30～50nm. Results show that 600℃is the best thermal treatment temperature point and progressive thermal treatment process is the most appropriate.Such as thermal treatment temperature, thermal treatment time and heating-up rate and heating-up way, many influencing factor in the synthesis process had been researched. Using mental Zn coated by ZnO nano-crystals as substrate materials and precursors composited by zinc ion and PVA, after one step thermal treatment process at 600℃for about 2h, nanograss structured ZnO with uniform shapes were prepared successfully. By operating AFM, we have done some preliminary research work to study the mechanical property of single one dimensional structured ZnO. Many special mechanical properties, being different to macroscopic structures, were showed to us.Luminescent properties of the ZnO nano-materials in many shapes made by this method showed in this paper were researched by photoluminescence spectra. But every production examples prepared by 3 different ways shows the same green lighting color.In the presence of 3D softwares, the reaction mechanism of synthesis of one dimensional structured metal oxides was discussed. After that, we show a production-line model to product one dimensional structured ZnO.更多还原