【作者】 张帆；

【导师】 廖振强；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 膨胀波火炮是由美国陆军TACOM-ARDEC,Benét实验室于1999年发明的新概念武器。本文利用各种内弹道学理论,对膨胀波火炮的内弹道过程和发射性能进行了深入地研究和探索,得到了一系列研究成果。然后在此基础上进行再创新,提出了喷气反推式低后坐枪炮和喷孔前置式膨胀波枪炮武器的概念,并研究了这两种武器的发射原理及性能。1.提出了膨胀波火炮发射过程四阶段物理模型。分别运用一维均相流理论、一维两相流理论和二维轴对称两相流理论对膨胀波火炮发射过程建立了动力学模型,并进行了数值模拟计算,得出了其各项发射性能参数等。同时也计算了闭膛火炮和无坐力炮的发射过程,比较了这三种武器性能的异同。提出了一种利用调节弹膛打开时间来控制膨胀波火炮射速的技术构思。2.归纳了喷气反推式低后坐枪炮这一武器类型的概念。分别运用一维均相流理论和一维两相流理论建立了其发射过程动力学模型,提出了两种模型下武器膛内双流场耦合计算的处理方法以及定解条件等,并进行了数值模拟计算,得出了其发射性能关键参数等。讨论了若干结构参数对喷气反推式低后坐枪炮发射性能的影响规律。3.在膨胀波火炮和喷气反推式低后坐枪炮的基础上,提出了喷孔前置式膨胀波枪炮的概念,设计了其具体结构,并申请了国防发明专利(专利申请号:200710082431.7)。提出了其发射过程六阶段物理模型。分别运用一维均相流理论和一维两相流理论建立了其发射过程动力学模型,并进行了数值模拟计算,将计算结果与喷气反推式低后坐枪炮的对应情况作了对比。4.根据本文研究目的和现有条件,对喷气反推式低后坐枪炮和喷孔前置式膨胀波枪炮的发射原理进行了实验研究。自行设计、加工了采用这两种原理的实验枪,进行了弹丸初速、膛压、后坐力和后坐速度的测试,获得了大量数据。经过与数值计算结果的对比,验证了本文所建立的数学模型的正确性。本文的研究成果可以用于指导膨胀波火炮以及喷气反推式低后坐枪炮和喷孔前置式膨胀波枪炮武器系统的设计和应用,也为下一步对三种武器的发射原理开展更为深入的理论研究奠定了坚实的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rarefaction Wave Gun(RAVEN)is a new species of weapon that was developed by US Army,TACOM-ARDEC,Benét Labs in 1999.In this dissertation,the in-bore phenomenon and propulsion performance of RAVEN are studied using several kinds of interior ballistics theory.Moreover,two new species of weapon concept:Reversely Jet Low Recoil Gun and Front Orifice Rarefaction Wave Gun are proposed and their performances are studied both theoretically and experimentally.1.The four-stage physical model of RAVEN is put forward;the dynamic model which describes Raven’s propulsion process is made using one-dimensional homogeneous flow theory,one-dimensional two-phase flow theory and two-dimensional axisymmetric two-phase flow theory.After numerical simulating calculation, performance parameters of RAVEN are worked out.Meanwhile,the propulsion process of close-breech gun and recoilless gun are simulated and the performances of the three weapons mentioned above are compared with each other.In addition,concept of modifying firing rate of RAVEN by adjusting breech venting time is suggested.2.The concept of Reversely Jet Low Recoil Gun is proposed.The dynamic model which describes its propulsion process is made using one-dimensional homogeneous flow theory and one-dimensional two-phase flow theory.Special boundary conditions and computing methods of coupling calculation of dual flow fields in bore is put forward.After numerical simulating calculation,parameters of its performance are worked out.In addition,some structural factors that influencing the launching performance are discussed.3.Base on the concept of Rarefaction Wave Gun and Reversely Jet Low Recoil Gun, the Front Orifice Rarefaction Wave Gun is invented which combines virtues of the former two.The concrete structure of it is designed and defense invention patent is applied.The six-stage physical model of it is put forward.The dynamic propulsion model is made using one-dimensional homogeneous flow theory and one-dimensional two-phase flow theory,and the numerical simulation results are compared with that of Reversely Jet Low Recoil Gun.4.Experiment on propulsion theories of Reversely Jet Low Recoil Gun and Front Orifice Rarefaction Wave Gun is carried out based on the existing condition and study purpose.The test guns which validate the two propulsion theories are designed and fabricated,the muzzle velocity,breech pressure,recoil force and recoil velocity of the test guns are measured systematically.The experimental findings agree well with calculation results,which demonstrate the validity and practicability of the proposed models.The research achievements acquired in this thesis can be applied as the reference for design and service of Rarefaction Wave Gun,Reversely Jet Low Recoil Gun and Front Orifice Rarefaction Wave Gun.Meanwhile,it is a solid foundation for further research on these three new weapons.更多还原