【作者】 欧阳国华；

【导师】 邹珊刚；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 “秦人以急农兼天下,孝武以屯田定西域”。中国西部特别重要的地缘战略条件,使得西部地区成为中华民族社会政治经济长期稳定发展的一个重要组成部分。西部开发要成功,西部防务要加强,国家大量劳动力要就业,必须有一个符合中国国情和适应国内外形势发展变化的西部开发与防务战略。运用复杂系统管理理论,通过制度创新,把西部开发、西部防务和劳动力就业有机结合起来,全系统、全方位、一体化地加快中国综合国力的发展,是新屯田制度试图研究的问题。所谓新屯田制,是指把人力和资本“屯”到西部,实现国家西部开发、西部防务与国家劳动就业一体化协同发展的制度组合:一是运用劳动原始积累、国家待遇期权、期权转股和周期性人口流动理论,向西部地区进行合同“屯”民;二是通过发行超额资源担保债券和项目资产担保债券以及债转股等资本运作措施向西部“屯”钱。劳动原始积累——待遇期权——期权转股——周期性人口流动制度,能把中国丰富劳动力资源转化成像货币资本一样的生产要素,能把大量劳动者和西部开发紧密“屯”在一起,有助于拉动西部乃至全国经济的增长,有利于改善民族结构,促进民族大融合。超额资源担保债券(excess-resource—backed—securities,ERBS)能在较短时间内把大量国土资源证券化、资本化,可以为西部开发与防务快速提供巨额现金基础。新屯田制是人力资源的证券化、国土资源的证券化、项目资产的证券化,是把人力资源和资本“屯”到西部的新国防经济制度,是适应目前西部生产力水平和中国丰富劳动力资源的新生产方式,是集西部开发、西部防务与国家劳动就业等多种功能于一体的军民结合、平战结合的制度平台。与古代屯田相比,新屯田制度能在短期内并且能够较持久地把大量的资金和人力资源“屯”到西部,对西部经济发展、国防安全以及国家的长治久安极为有利,具有重要的政治、经济和军事价值。新屯田制与美国西部开发政策有很多相似性,都是主要通过国土资源的转换解决西部开发的资金和劳动力待遇问题。美国以公共土地为核心的开发政策,是以低价出让或赠与土地资源所有权作为主要待遇标的物吸引劳动力和筹措开发资金的机制,实际上本身也是一种“屯田”制度。中国社会主义制度客观上不可能采用“政治运作成本”极高的土地所有权转让制度,而以国土资源作为担保发行超额担保债券,则可以在国家所有权基本不变的情况下,筹措巨额开发资金,吸引大量劳动力,是一种适合中国国情特点的低成本、低风险融资方式,可行性很大。与美国西部开发政策有异曲同工的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 “Ch’in person got the world because of paying great attention to the agriculture, and the Han–Wu emperor stabilized Western Regions by the Tun–Tain System”. Because of the special important geostrategic condition, China western region has become the important part for the Chinese nation to stabilize and develop at long–term. The strategy of development and defense of western region should be carried out suiting for the situation of China and the developing domestic and international situation in order to develop western region successfully, enhance western region defense, and make large quantity labor force obtain employment.According to the complicated system management theories, the New Tun–Tian system tries to study how to band organically western region development, western region defense and labor force employment together, thus accelerate the development of the Chinese comprehensive national strength in whole–system, all–directions and integral. The New Tun–Tian system is a kind of system combination, one is to station man to the western by contract according to the labor primitive stockpile, national treatment option, option turn stock and periodic immigrate mechanism, the other is to assemble the money to the western by means of the excess–resource–backed–security (ERBS) and the item asset–backed–security (IABS). It is a new economic system which assemble man and money to the western, and a various function system platform of western development, western defense and labor employment.The system of labor primitive stockpile–treatment option–option to stock–periodic population fluxion can convert the Chinese abundant labor force resources into production factor as currency capital, and can inseparably band large quantities of labor with western region development, this is beneficial to pull the economy increase of western region even the whole nation, and benefit to ameliorate race structure for a big permeated race.Excess–resource–backed–securities (ERBS), is a current paper backed by assembling special excess resource, which lacks the liquidity but has expected and stable cash current, and performs a high–quality resources with low risk after being optimized. By means of ERBS economic methods, we can collect large quantities of funds in a shorter time and provide the material means for western region development and defense.The New Tun–Tian system is the securitization of manpower, resource and item assets, which is a new economic system which stations human resources and capital to the western region, a new production mode adapted to present western region productivity level and the Chinese abundant labor force resources, and a system platform which assembles various functions such as western region development, western region defense and labor employment.Compared with ancient Tun–Tian, the New Tun–Tian system can station large quantities of capital and manpower to western region swiftly and permanently, which has very important politic, economic and military value.There are a lot of comparability between the New Tun–Tian system and American western region development policy, one of them is that they solve western region development capital and the labor force treatment problem by converting the national land resources. American western region development policy with public land at the core is a mechanism which attracts labor force and raises development money with low price or presents land ownership as the main treatment object, in fact, it is also a kind of“Tun–Tian”character.Under the socialism system it is impossible for China to adopt land ownership transfer system which has very higher political operation cost, whereas, if we issue ERBS with country resources as guarantee, we can raise a mint money and attract large labor force on condition that the country ownership is unchangeable. This is a financing method of low cost and risk which suit for the Chinese situation, its possibility is very big. The New Tun–Tian system can achieve equally satisfactory result with American western region development policy by different approaches.更多还原