【作者】 王书刚；

【导师】 李耀先； 杨清彪；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 有机化学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 本论文成功地在水相中合成了巯基乙酸稳定的CdTe纳米晶，实现了水溶性的CdTe纳米晶与聚乙烯醇（PVA）和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）两种高分子基质地掺杂，通过静电纺丝技术成功地制备出有一定荧光强度的CdTe／PVA和CdTe／PVA纳米复合纤维，并实现了水溶性CdTe纳米晶与聚4-乙烯基吡啶（P4VP）纳米纤维的组装。通过引入表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB），对巯基稳定的CdTe纳米晶进行修饰，其荧光强度明显升高，并将水溶性的CdTe纳米晶转化为脂溶性，实现了脂溶性的CdTe纳米晶与PVP和聚苯乙烯（PS）两种高分子基质地掺杂，制备出一定荧光强度的CdTe／PVP和CdTe／PS纳米复合纤维。此外，将具有荧光性质的1，4-双（2-氰基苯乙烯基）苯（ER）和（1-O-氰基苯乙烯基-4-p-氰基苯乙烯基）苯（EB）与聚丙烯腈（PAN）、PVP和PS等高分子基质掺杂，制备出ER（EB）／PAN、ER（EB）／PS和ER_EB／PVP纳米复合纤维。特别是，EB由于能够与PS形成基激络合物，使相应的纳米复合纤维的荧光强度有极大地增强。总之，本论文通过静电纺丝技术，成功地将无机、有机荧光荧光化合物与高分子基质掺杂，制备出一系列的荧光纳米复合纤维，这种制备方法及所得到的荧光纳米复合材料将在很多领域具有广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development and integrity of nanotechnology, the research on hybrid and composite nanomaterials has undoubtedly been an active field of special interest in the intersection of physics, chemistry, and materials science, of which inorganic/organic nanocomposites with a wide range of interesting properties increasingly become a burgeoning area. As an important embranchment of nanocomposites, these nanocomposites that adulterated semiconductor nanoparticle and organic photoluminescence materials with polymer nanofibers have the potential applications in various fields.In the second chapter, TGA stabilized CdTe nanoparticles (NCs) have been prepared successfully with some low coast material in aqueous, the granularity of the obtained CdTe NCs was ~ 6 nm. The fabrication condition and the performance of CdTe NCs have been researched as well. Experiment results domenstrated that CdTe NCs could be preserved with enougth plotoluminescence intensity for a long time when the pH=10.5 of the solution in the process of preparing CdTe NCs. An idealism method of fabricating CdTe NCs in aqueous has been achieved, which would be a foundation of developing new plotoluminescence nanomaterials that focus on CdTe NCs .In the third chapter, we successfully carried out the adulteration between CdTe and PVA(PVP) in aqueous, and obtained two kinds of CdTe/PVA(PVP) nanofibers. SEM and TEM verified that CdTe NCs have been enwrapped by the abovementioned polymer nanofibers.In the fourth chapter, TGA stabilized CdTe NCs have been transferred successfully from aqueous to organic solution. After enwrapped by CTAB, the photoluminescence intensity of CdTe NCs increased remarkably compared with CdTe aqueous, then mixed with polymer matrix to fabricate CdTe/PS(PVP) nanofibers. The detecting results indicated that CdTe NCs dispersed equably in polymer nanofibers and the photoluminescence intensity of CdTe NCs increased remarkably compared with CdTe/polymer solution.In the fifth chapter, CdTe/ P4VP nanocomposite has been obtained by means of the assembly between CdTe and P4VP nanofibers. The detection results proved that CdTe NCs were attached on the surface of P4VP nanofibers is a cubic lattice. XPS verified that CdTe NCs can combine with P4VP nanofibers to form CdTe/ P4VP nanocomposite, which can be explained by an assemblely model.In the sixth chapter, 1,4-bis(o-cyanostyryl)benzene (ER) and 1-(o-cyanostyryl)-4-(p- cyanostyryl)benzene (EB), two kinds of fluorescent whitening agent (FWA) were introduced into polyer matrix by electrospinning. SEM observed the obtained ER (EB)/PAN (PS, PVP) nanofibers were all nano scale. IR spectra investigated that -CN group in FWA interacted with that in PAN. UV spectra approved ER and EB were all existed in abovementioned nanofibers, espectically, EB and PS can form exciplex to enhance intensively the photoluminescence intensity of EB/PS nanofibers.In summary, it can well produce inorganic/organic nanocomposites by using the combination of Sol-Gel process and electrospinning technique and the combination of electrospinning technique. The results of the experiment show that these processes are generic approach to fabricate one dimensional nanocomposite materials. In addition, these methods and products will have wide applications in the light of the characters of these methods and the qualities of products.更多还原