【作者】 张成武；

【导师】 刘宏亚；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 理论物理， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 从二十世纪九十年代开始，我们进入精确宇宙学时代，暗能量成为物理学和天文学的重要挑战之一，为了探寻暗能量的本质，人们从物理机制和天文观测出发来研究暗能量的性质。本论文分别在四维和五维宇宙中用模型无关的参数化方法重建暗能量模型，并研究它对宇宙演化的影响。论文首先介绍宇宙学的背景和标准宇宙学模型，与暗能量相关的天文观测和暗能量的一些模型，以及如何重建暗能量模型。随后，利用不同宇宙学观测数据对参数化的两种暗能量状态方程和三种形式的减速因子进行限制，分析参数化模型与观测数据对宇宙学的影响。本文还探讨了五维大反弹宇宙学模型与暗能量问题。在这个模型下，宇宙是嵌入在五维Ricci平坦时空中的一个超曲面，从五维看，它是空的或者真空。但是，从四维的角度看，宇宙中则充满着从额外维诱导出来的物质，被称为诱导物质。利用宇宙学观测来限制暗能量的状态方程，然后得到这个模型中的任意函数f(z)的形式，依此重建五维模型，并分析宇宙中诱导物质的演化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cosmology is experiencing a precise epoch since the last decade of twentieth century anddark energy is one of the most important challenges on physics and astronomy. In order todiscover the mysterious nature of dark energy, scientists study dark energy from two side:physical mechanism and observational view. This thesis mainly focus on the reconstructionof dark energy in our really four-dimension world and a five-dimension Ricci flat model witha model independent method and its influence on the universe evolution.In this thesis, firstly, the background of cosmology and the standard cosmological modelare reviewed, then, some of the cosmological observations, dark energy models and recon-struction of dark energy are also briefly introduced. Two parameterized equation of state ofdark energy were constrained from recent observations as three acceleration parameter forms.The effect of models and observational data is explored.Dark energy in a five-dimension Ricci flat big bounce model has been studied. In thismodel, the universe is a hypersurface embedded in a Ricci flat five-dimensional manifold whichis empty or vacuum from the higher dimensional view. But, from four-dimensional view, itis full of matter induced from the extra dimension, named induced matter. The arbitraryfunction f(z) in this model could be found from the equation of dark energy constrained fromobservations, in this way, the model can be reconstructed and its evolution is determined.更多还原