【作者】 李怀琼；

【导师】 陈钱；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 光学工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 随着红外技术的发展，凝视热像仪技术已经成为当今世界上最具优势、最有市场潜力的新兴技术之一。由于国外技术的封锁，加上国内研究起步较晚，理论研究和制作工艺比较落后，所以目前国内的凝视焦平面探测器和凝视热像仪整机的性能都远远落后于国外，对凝视焦平面探测器以及高性能凝视热成像系统的研究在国防建设和民事应用都有着非常重要的意义。本课题通过对凝视热像仪成像机理和固有缺陷产生机理的深入研究，提出了新型凝视热像仪处理电子学相关的理论模型：基于多温度匹配的盲元理论模型和基于目标和环境的二元非线性非均匀性理论模型，并分析和研究了凝视热像仪三维随机噪声模型、红外图像二维直方图特征统计理论模型，形成了相应的凝视热像仪处理电子学理论与技术。为了验证新型理论模型，建立了基于虚拟仪器的多模式可视化凝视焦平面探测器参数测试系统，通过大量的实验验证了盲元和非均匀性两个新型理论模型的统计学理论来源。为了更好更快完成凝视热像仪系统的设计，建立了基于虚拟仪器的红外图像处理动态仿真系统以及红外热像仪整机性能参数测试与评估系统，形成较完整的凝视热成像处理电子学理论、测试、仿真与技术体系。在此基础上，广泛展开了红外图像处理技术的研究，并提出了一系列新型图像处理算法：基于多温度匹配的自适应盲元检测算法、基于目标和环境的二元非线性非均匀性校正算法、基于灰度冗余的红外图像自适应输出窗算法、基于模糊理论的图像锐化算法等，对这些图像处理算法进行了大量实验，并在红外图像处理动态仿真系统中经过实时仿真和动态演示。根据对红外图像处理算法的研究和动态仿真结果，研制了具有实时处理能力的的模块化实时图像处理组件，为凝视焦平面探测器和高性能凝视热像仪系统的研制以及今后的大规模生产打下了坚实的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with development of the IR technique, staring infrared imaging technique hasbecome one of the most advantage and the most potential arisen technique around theworld today. Due to the technique blockade of foreign developed country and the researchon infrared imaging lag behind foreign developed country, the theories research level anddevice’s manufacture techniques fall behind foreign developed country. So the IRFPA andIRFPA thermal imaging system in China fall behind foreign developed country. Researchon the IRFPA detector and high performance IRFPA thermal imaging system is veryimportant for the national defense and civil economic development.New theoretic models on processing electronics theory of the IRFPA imagingsystem are proposed in this paper through the deep research on the imaging mechanism ofIRFPA and inherent disadvantages of IRFPA. New theoretic models here includes:blind-pixel theoretic model based on multiply temperature match, binary non-linearnon-uniformity theoretic model based on objects and scene. 3-D random noise theoreticmodel of IRPFA thermal imaging system, 2-D histogram’s statistical characterizationtheoretic model of IRFPA imaging had been reseached and analyzed in this paper. Basedon these advanced theoretic models here, processing electronics theory and technologyhave been formed on this paper. In order to prove these new advanced theoretic modelshere, test system for IRFPA key factors of multiply operation modes based on VirtualInstrument has been built. Large numbers of data obtained from the test system haveproved the correctness of the blind-pixel theoretic model and non-uniformity theoreticmodel advanced here. To speed up the design of new IRFPA imaging system, dynamicsimulation system for IRFPA imaging processing based on Virtual Instrument, test systemand evaluation system for IRFPA thermal imaging system also based on Virtual Instrumenthave been built. A complete architecture of processing electronics theory, test, simulationand evaluation for IRFPA has been finished. Based on the work above, research on imageprocessing technology for IRFPA imaging has been done. Many new algorithms arepresented here, including: algorithm of self-adaptive blind-pixel detection based onmultiply temperature match, algorithm of binary non-linear non-uniformity correctionbased on objects and scene temperature, algorithm of self-adaptive output window forIRFPA imaging based on gray-level redundancy, An Image Sharpening Algorithm Basedon the Fuzzy Theory. Lots of experiments and simulation have been done according to thealgorithms presented here. Algorithms presented here have been proved that all of them are of great effective and real time through the dynamic real time simulation. Based on theresearch on IRFPA imaging processing and results of the dynamic simulation, modularizedreal time image processing instruments of utility have been finished. These instrumentsprove that the image processing technologies advanced here are very effective and realtime. At the same time the foundation of mass production of IRFPA and high qualityIRFPA thermal imaging system have been built.更多还原