【作者】 秦海鸿；

【导师】 严仰光；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 本文主要致力于并列式混合励磁双凸极电机基本性能的研究。在分析和总结永磁双凸极电机、电励磁双凸极电机和混合励磁双凸极电机的结构、原理和基本特性研究现状的基础上,对并列式混合励磁双凸极电机的结构和原理、发电机运行原理和特性、电动机运行原理和特性进行了研究。首先对并列式混合励磁双凸极电机的基本结构和工作原理进行了分析。根据电路和磁路原理建立混合励磁双凸极电机的数学模型。讨论了电机中基本参量与永磁/电励磁两部分铁芯长度比例的关系。采用二维有限元法进行数值计算,得出电机磁链、电势、电感等静态特性。并结合发电运行和电动运行的实际通电区间,讨论了区间等效电感特性。结合磁场分析对双凸极电机电枢反应进行了研究,对比了发电运行和电动运行时电枢反应异同点,及永磁双凸极电机与电励磁双凸极电机电枢反应异同点,并研究了不同永磁/电励磁长度比例对静态特性的影响。研究了不同励磁方式下的双凸极无刷直流发电机。研究了滑出端发电、滑入端发电、及滑入滑出端均发电的三种发电方式。阐述了各种发电方式下的工作原理。揭示了不同发电方式下换相重叠及电枢反应的异同,重点研究了滑入滑出端均发电方式下发电机的工作模态,讨论了励磁电流、转速、负载性质和大小对换相重叠的影响。研究了不同发电方式下电流区间差异及电枢反应影响的不同。对双凸极无刷直流发电机的空载特性、外特性、短路特性和调节特性进行了研究。给出了三种发电方式下的特性对比研究,及直槽、斜槽转子电机特性的区别。研究了永磁与电励磁两段长度比例lpm/lem对发电机运行特性的影响。揭示了并列式混合励磁双凸极发电机负励磁电流下,发电中有电动的特殊规律。研究了不同励磁方式下的双凸极无刷直流电动机。适应斜槽转子双凸极电机的电势波形特点,把三相六状态换流模式引入到斜槽转子双凸极电动机的控制中,对比了直槽与斜槽两种不同转子结构电动机控制方式的异同点。研究了用于双凸极电动机调速控制的单斩电流滞环PWM控制方式,揭示了双凸极电动机中一类特殊的浮空相电流尾巴的产生机理,探讨了浮空相电流尾巴对系统运行的影响。计及换相过程、电流尾巴出现区域给出双凸极电动机工作原理,提出同时考虑绕组端电压和绕组电流方向的模态分析方法。提出“发电粗调,电动微调”的霍尔位置调整方法。研究了双凸极无刷直流电动机的转矩电流特性、机械特性、调速特性和效率特性。阐述了并列式混合励磁双凸极电动机中电动中有发电的特殊规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this dissertation, the basic theory and performance of parallel structrue doubly salient hybrid excitation (DSHE) machine is presented. The basic configuration, principle, and characteristics of doubly salient permanent magnet (DSPM) machine, doubly salient electro-magnet (DSEM) machine, and DSHE machine is first reviewed. The main topics include the basic structure and operating principle of DSHE machine, the basic perforance of DSHE generator, and the basic performance of DSHE motor.First, the configuration and the basic principle of this machine is analyzed. The physical model is established according to the theroy of circuit and the theory of magnetics. And the relationship between the basic parameters and length ratio of two parts is deduced. Through two-dimensional finite element analysis(FEA), the static characteristics of DSHE machine is given, including magnetic linkage, electro-magnetic force and inductor characteristics. Also, the actual equivalent inductance characteristics under generator and motor state are given. Combining the modeling of magnetic field, the armature reaction of the doubly salient machine is analyzed. The comparison of armature reaction under generator and motor state is given. And the comparison of armature reaction in DSPM machine and DSEM machine is given. Also, the influence of length ratio on static characteristics is concluded.Doubly salient brushless dc generator under different exciting schemes is proposed. And three generation strategies are presented, and they are switched reluctance generation strategy, and two kinds of doubly salient geneation strategies. The working principles of three generation strategies are analyzed. The commutation overlap and armature reaction under different schemes are introduced. The working modes under doubly salient generation strategy is especially analyzed, and the influences of excitation current, rotor speed, load characteristics and load current level on commutaion overlap are concluded. The differences about current regions and influences of armature reactions are given. Based on the above analysis, the no-load output voltage characteristics, curve of ouput voltage versus output current, short-circuit characteristics, and curve of excitation current versus output current are given. Also, for two kinds of rotor structures, the characteristics comparions under three generation strategies are given. The characteristics of DSHE machine with the variation of length ratio between two parts are concluded. And the special generator-motor mode under negative excitation current is analyzed.The doubly salient brushless dc motor under different exciting schemes is given. According to the characteristics of electro-magnetic force of skewed rotor doubly salient motor, three-phase six-state conduction mode is applied in the working of doubly salient motor, and the control modes under two kinds of rotor structures are compared. Under single-chop hysterisis current control method, theoretical analysis of working principles reveals that the phase that should have no current will appear current tails, which are positive winding currents for two time regions. The influence of current tails on motor performance is illustrated. Thus, the comprehensive working principles including commutation and current tail are given. A more accurate analysis method on working modes is proposed, simultaneously considering the winding terminal voltage and the conducting power device as state parameters. A novel adjustment method, named as coarse-adjustment under generator state and trim-adjustment under motor state is proposed. Also, the basic characteristics, including curve of torque versus current, curve of torque versus rotor speed, speed regulation characteristics, and overall efficiency is tested. Finally, the special motor-generator mode under negative excitation current is analyzed.更多还原