【作者】 张颖慧；

【导师】 罗剑朝；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 农业是国民经济的基础产业。保证农业投入的持续稳步增长,不仅关系到农业生产,而且直接影响到农民收入增长和社会稳定。作为农业投入主渠道的农村金融部门,在支持农村经济发展和农民收入增长方面,发挥着越来越重要的作用。随着金融体制改革的进一步深化,农村金融在机构设置、经营管理和运行机制等方面发生了一系列深刻的变化。如何建立一种农村金融发展与农民收入增长的良性互动关系,推进农村金融的发展,进而促进农民收入的增长,是需要认真研究和解决的问题。论文在对相关概念界定的基础上,以金融发展理论为指导,从中国农村金融发展与农民收入增长的理论关系入手,对农村金融发展过程中存在的问题进行了刨析。论文探讨了中国农村金融发展为什么没能更好地促进农民收入增长,同时对影响二者之间相互促进、相互融合发展的具体原因进行了分析。缺乏良性互动机制,有农村金融发展的原因,也有农民自身的原因。从正规农村金融发展和非正规农村金融发展两方面来分析了农村金融发展的原因。而农户自身的原因有生产方式、要素投入以及自然因素等等。论文借鉴国内外农村金融对农民增收支持的经验和方法,围绕中国农村金融体制改革的内在要求,设计出促进农民收入增长的农村金融发展机制。论文在动态地把握农村金融体制改革的基础上,寻求措施使整个农村金融体系有效地运作起来,找出促进农民收入增长的农村金融发展的路径选择。论文由七章组成:第一章导论。本章主要阐述了本文选题的背景、研究的目的与意义,从理论和实践的角度就农村金融发展与农民收入增长关系的国内外研究动态作了较为全面系统的评述,指出了已有研究的不足,认为随着农村金融体制改革的进一步深化,研究方向和重点应该从静态研究转向动态研究,由结构研究转向机制研究和调控研究,并最终满足促进农民收入增长的要求,最后对本文的研究思路、研究方法及论文创新之处作了说明。第二章中国农村金融发展与农民收入增长的基础理论。本章是全文分析和立论的理论基础,首先对金融发展理论进行了简单回顾,在此基础上阐述了农业融资理论、农村金融市场理论和不完全竞争市场理论。最后从制度和结构两方面来分析农村金融发展与农民收入增长关系,从中找出了制约农村金融发展对农民收入增长贡献度的主要原因是,由于农村金融体制改革的弊端所导致的农村金融结构和功能的失衡,致使农村金融体系效率低下,农村金融将不可能在支持农民增收中发挥重大作用。并以此为依据指出,中国农村金融发展要成为农民收入增长的必要前提和条件,只有改进现行的中国农村金融的结构和功能,才能增强农村金融在农民增收中的的作用,从而为提高农民收入增长提供理论支持。第三章中国农村金融发展与农民收入增长关系的实证分析。本章在上章理论分析的基础之上,用协整检验和格兰杰因果检验的方法,运用1978—2004年的实际数据首先对中国农村金融发展与农村经济增长的关系进行了实证研究,结果表明中国农村金融发展与农村经济增长呈正相关性,随后从农村金融发展和农民收入两个视角分别检验了我国农村金融发展与农民收入增长的相关关系,结果都表明了农村金融发展与农民收入增长之间呈弱正相关关系,也就是说随着我国农村金融发展水平的提高,并没能更好地促进农民收入的增长。第四章中国正规农村金融发展与农民收入增长关系分析。本章在回顾改革开放以来农民收入增长状况的基础上,找出制约农民收入增长的根本性问题是历史性和体制性的资源配置的错位,突出表现为农村金融发展缓慢(农业贷款不足),紧接着对农村正规金融发展现状、存在问题进行了论述,从中找出农村金融发展缓慢的根源在于农村金融市场效率的低下,运用博弈论分析的方法对农村金融信贷市场的演化过程进行了分析,从而探寻出农村正规金融改革的出路在于农村信用社要积极发挥农村金融主力军地位,中国农业银行进行商业化改革及中国农业发展银行寻找新的发展思路。第五章中国农村非正规金融发展与农民收入增长关系分析。本章首先对农村非正规金融概念进行了界定,进而对农村非正规金融产生的深层次原因进行了抛析,认为制度是影响农村非正规金融存在和发展的最主要原因,从制度需求和制度供给两个角度分别阐述农村非正规农村金融的生成机理。然后利用信贷合约模型对农村非正规农村金融的发展促进农民收入增长的影响进行分析;最后找出促进农村非正规金融发展的路径是加强政府在农村非正规金融发展路径上的规范引导作用,让农村非正规金融真正成为农村金融市场上的竞争者,同时鼓励设立小额信贷组织等。第六章中国农村金融发展对促进农民收入增长的机制分析。影响农村金融发展促进农民收入增长的关键是现有制度不合理造成的。本章首先对农村金融发展中政府定位进行了阐述,认为由于地方政府的行政干预是最终导致农村金融支持农民增收的关键问题,然后分别对农村信用社、中国农业银行和中国农业发展银行对促进农民增收的机制进行了刨析,对各自的发展设计出一种机制来促进农民收入的增长。农村信用社主要是发展小额信贷;农村政策性金融在融资机制上、组建农村信贷担保银行、信贷业务种类及法律制度上进行了设计;中国农业银行从建立合理分工的农村金融服务体系的目标入手,推进农业银行的综合改革并根据商业性金融的特点明确支农地位。第七章促进农民收入增长的农村金融发展的政策建议与对策。尽管农村金融发展有它内在的特殊规律性,但是外在因素的推动是不可缺少的,由于农村金融发展与农民收入增长的关系都在既定的政策和体制下形成的,改变这种状况必须要对农村金融发展的各种政策、制度和体制进行系统调整,这也是农民收入增长的客观要求,通过前几章的论述和分析,我们认为促进农民收入增长的农村金融发展的路径是:进一步深化农村金融体制改革,建立健全农村金融组织体系;改变国家对农民信贷的支持政策;改善农村金融生态环境建设,规范和发展农村民间金融的基础上,加强农村金融监管,防范和化解农村金融风险,这一总体思路来提高农民收入的增长。更多还原

【Abstract】 Agriculture is the foundation of national economy. A sustainable and stable increase of agricultural investment is related to not only agricultural production but also former income and social stability. Finance, as the core of modern economy has a more and more important role in supporting rural economy development and farmer income incense under the deepen process of system reform, rural finance changed the roughly in organization installation, operation and management, operating mechanism. know to form a good interaction aiming to prospering development of rural finance and increase of farmer income, is an issue needed to be solved.Based on definition of relevant concept, this dissertation reviews the literature development of rural finance this paper offer a thoroughly analysis on problems arises in the process of rural finance development thought the perspectives of farm household. Discapakle supporting is the main reason for slowly development of farmer income, which declares why rural finance development has not enhanced the increase of farmer income. Both experiences from home and abroad, and cemented of reform are considered in order to design ineffective mechanism to enhance farmer income increase. A coordination of farmer income increase and rural finance development through an most effective and forceful method is do cussed and followed by path selection of rural finance development to chance farmer in come income increase, This dissertation includes seven chapter.Chapter 1. Introduction. This chapter mainly relates the background aim, and meaning. Through review of literatures on rural finance development (RFD) and farmer income increase(FII) is offered and defect is analyzed. With the deepen process of rural finance reform, research should be directed from static paralysis to dynamic one from retraction analysis to mechanism and control analysis. Research thought, method, and possible contributions are followed.Chapter 2. Theory of RFD and FII in China. This Chapter is the theoretical foundation of the dissertation. Financial development theory is reviewed firstly, which inches financial deeding theory and financial structure theory. Secondly reviewed theory is rural finance development theory which mainly includes agriculture subsidized credit paradigm. Rural financial market paradigm and imperfect market paradigm. Relation of rural finance development and farmer income increase is analyzed thought institution a structure perspectives constraints of contribution from RFD to FII is mainly raised from drawbacks of RFS in China, Disorder of structure and function of RF in China loads to low effectiveness of RFS. RFF in arrant china is enhanced Influences of RF to FI coulee enhance.Chapter 3. An empirical analysis on relation of RFD and FII in China. Reasonable path to promote rural economic growth could be found when relationships of rural finance development and economic growth were discussed. Based on time serial analysis, the relationships between the financial development and economic growth in China over the period 1978─2004 was researched. The results show that there is a long run equilibrium relation between rural financial development and economic growth. The Granger Causality test indicates that rural financial development is a Granger cause of rural economic growth and rural economic growth is not a Granger cause of rural financial development. A serial of recommendations were put forward to promote the harmony development of rural finance and rural economy, such as (i) regulating and developing informal finance, (ⅱ) propelling rural financial market to develop soundly, (ⅲ) enhancing support to rural credit.Chapter 4. Relation analysis of Formal RFD and FII in China. FII from reform and is coerlieued and situation of FII is analyzed. This chapter proposes the fundamental problem curbing FII is resource allocation dissertation of history and mechanism. Difficulties of RFF are related and the root is low affectivity of rural finance market. Beaten on game theory, evolution process of RF credit market is analyzed hourly, which offers a solution to RFFD.Chapter 5. .Relation analysis of Informal FD and FII in China: Theory and policy. This chapter analyzes the reason of informal RF existence, and suggests institution is the main cause influencing informal RFD. Forming mechanism of informal RF is related from perspectives of demand and supply. Credit contract model is designed to analyze the influence of informal RF to FII. Policy accommodations are followings (i) enhancing the direction from government (ii) opening the market, (iii) instituting micro-credit organization.Chapter 6. On mechanism of RFD to Stimulate FII. Unreasonable institution is the key to influence FRD to FII. This chapter proposes the intervention of local government is the main reason, after the analysis of government position in RFD. This chapter analyzed the mechanic of Rural credit cooperatives, Agricultural Bank of China, and Agricultural Development comment Bank of China, in order to dosing an mechanism to enhancer FII.Chapter 7. Policy sugestions on RFD to enhacing FII. External factor is necessary although inker rule existed. Because the relation of RFD and FII is former in specific policy and system, the reform should be a system change on a serial of policy institution. The general idea of path selection to tenacity RFD is suggested as follows: (i) change the supporting policy to form credit from government, (ii) perfecting financial ecology of rural finance, (iii) enhancing supervision on rural finance, (IV) resolving, financial risk. This path should direct the RFD to chancing FII.更多还原