【作者】 安勇；

【导师】 卓丽环；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 在人类已进入21世纪的今天，在全球城市化的大背景下，城市生态环境问题，越来越受到关注。鉴于我国城市化进程逐步加快的实际状况，城市既是区域经济中心，又是人口高度密集区，城市生态环境的好坏，直接影响着城市居民的生存与发展。在实施促进城市可持续发展的有效战略和进一步科学合理地搞好以城市为主要载体的人居环境建设方面，许多专家学者已经进行了大量的研究、探索与实践。目前，人们已经深刻认识到：建立一种以绿地为核心，对城市用地及空间布局具有优化环境和体现美学的生态系统，合理调控人与环境的关系，为城市居民创造一个舒适、优美、安全、和谐的生态环境是实施城市可持续发展战略的迫切需要；城市绿地系统作为城市生态系统的重要组成部分，谋求生态效益的有效发挥，维持城市地区生态平衡和改善城市生态环境则是它的主要目标。本项研究坚持城市生态学的观点，注重城市绿地生念效益有效发挥的原则，立足哈尔滨市绿地系统和园林绿化现状，着眼哈尔滨城区及周边地区未来发展，对哈尔滨市绿地系统复层绿色量进行了科学、系统地研究。本项研究全面分析了城市交通三环范围内绿地系统的结构布局、绿地类型、绿地规模、绿地数量和绿地景观格局指数，具体分析了201块样地园林植物的应用现状，构建了复层绿色量的测算模式。针对哈尔滨市存在的道路绿地、居住绿地、公园绿地、生产绿地、防护绿地等不同类型绿地，科学测算了单位绿地面积的复层绿色量。通过对6个行政区、3个交通环域和3个城市绿地系统复层绿色量的分却状态的研究和相关影响因素的分析，发现：哈尔滨市各行政区和各交通环域的复层绿色量空间分布不均衡，绿地系统复层绿色量的相关指标量值偏低，绿地生态效益及其改善环境作用还没能有效发挥，城市绿地系统建设的水平与质量仍有相当大的提升空间。针对哈尔滨市绿地系统存在的问题，提出了增加复层绿色量，有效发挥绿地系统生态效益的方法与措施。本项研究将现代信息技术与传统方法、绿地系统解析与园林树木应用、园林生态效益理论研究与城市绿地系统规划建设有机结合，提出了一套采样、测定和计算方法，构建了一个完整的复层绿色量研究体系，具有一定的创新性；同时本项研究突破以往对个体绿地进行零散研究的局限，首次对哈尔滨市三环范围内(27291ha)进行区域性的园林绿地复层绿色量的量化研究，为哈尔滨市整体研究绿地生态效益的有效发挥提供了新思路，这也是本项研究的创新点。本项研究成果填补了哈尔滨市关于绿地系统复层绿色量研究的空白，丰富和发展了了城市绿地系统的建设理论，将为哈尔滨市城市绿地系统的建设与发展提供重要参考，为哈尔滨市生态园林城市及周边城市发展与园林建设提供重要指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 Today the humanity has entered the 21st century, the question of the city’s ecological environment is more and more concerned in the context of global urbanization. In view of the fact that Chinese urbanization process speeds up gradually, the city not only is the region of economic center, but also is the highly dense populated area, so the city ecological environment’s quality is affecting the people’s survival and development directly. A lot of scholars have had many researches, discoveries and practices on the effective strategy of promoting the urban sustainable development and the city human habitant environment scientifically and rationally further. At present, people have recognized deeply that it is necessary to establish the ecological system optimizing urban land and space layout, regulate the relationship between the human and the environment reasonably and create a comfortable, attractive, safe and harmonious ecological environment for urban residents. The urban green space system is an important component of city ecosystem, its main objective is to gain ecological benefits effectively, maintain the ecological balance of urban area and improve the city’s ecological environment.The research insisted on the urban ecology viewpoint and paid attention to ecology benefits principle, the multilayer vegetation quantity of green space system was researched scientifically and systemically according to the present situation of Harbin city and its surrounding areas.This study analyzed comprehensively the urban green space system’s layout, green space type, green space scale, quantity and green space landscape index within the region of 3 transport loop, and landscape plants’ application in 201 plots was analyzed concretely. On this basis, the calculation model of multilayer vegetation quantity was constructed and muitilayer vegetation quantity of unit green area was calculated scientifically in view of various green types in Harbin. The research of the multilayer vegetation quantity’s distribution in six districts, three regional transport loops and three different city’s types and the scientific analysis of related influence factors make us know: the distribution of multilayer vegetation quantity had big difference, and the index of multilayer vegetation quantity is relatively lower, which indicated green ecology benefit and its function on improving the environment has not been able to display effectively in Harbin, there is still considerable promoting space. Aiming at the present situation of multilayer vegetation quantity in Harbin, the methods and measures of increasing multilayer vegetation quantity and bringing the ecological benefits of green space system effectively into playing was proposed.This study made the modern information technology and traditional method, green space system analysis and landscape trees application, the theoretical studies of garden ecological benefits and the planning and construction of urban green space system integrated organically, proposed a set of sampling, the calculation and the computational method. It is a certain innovation that this study had constructed a complete research system of multilayer vegetation quantity. At the same time, this study broken through the limitation about the scattered research to the individual green space, the regional quantitative research on green space multilayer vegetation quantity was done for the first time within the region of 3 transport loop in Harbin, which provided a new idea for the whole research of green ecology benefits.This study filled the blank about the multilayer vegetation quantity’s research in urban green space system in Harbin, developed the theory of building urban green space system, and provided important reference for the construction and development of Harbin urban green space system and guidance for Harbin ecological garden city, its surrounding cities and the garden construction.更多还原