【作者】 韩锋；

【导师】 陆庆夫；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 历史文献学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 敦煌文献的发现，是我国也是世界上20世纪最重大发现之一。中国学者自1909年得睹敦煌文献为起始，对其进行整理和研究，逐步形成了一门新的学科——敦煌学，并成为世界范围内的一门显学。在敦煌文献中，儒家类文献虽然占极少的部分，但也已是“处则充栋宇，出则汗牛马”了，不仅卷帙多，种类繁杂，而且还具有自身的特点，即敦煌儒家文献主要是写本，从六朝到五代宋初，时间跨度长达五六百年，比我们现在所用的宋元善本为早，为儒学和中国传统文化的研究提供了大量珍贵的文献资料，具有较高的学术和历史价值；敦煌本儒家文献具有浓郁的敦煌地域特色，其中不仅保存有学校的教材、学郎的作业，还有一些明显体现着敦煌地区特点和编撰特色的史学文献。这些文献，对敦煌地区的历史、教育、语言文字及社会风俗等研究，提供了丰富的原始资料。近年来，敦煌本儒家文献的专题研究，如对儒家经典、蒙书、书仪等方向的研究较为深入，出现了一批有价值的研究成果。但是，目前敦煌本儒家文献作为一个整体类别的研究，还不够深入，缺乏整体的把握。因而，本论文试图对敦煌本儒家文献从整体上来进行探讨和研究，从一个新的角度对儒学在敦煌地区的传播，敦煌本儒家文献的来源、分类，敦煌本主要儒家文献的整理研究及其史料和历史研究价值进行了系统地梳理和探讨。作为中西文化的交汇之地，敦煌地区虽然受到西方文化的影响，但总的来说，以儒学的传播发展为基础、以儒家文化为代表的中原传统文化在敦煌地区一直处于主导地位。敦煌特殊的地理历史环境、统治者的政策和措施以及一些文学硕儒的努力都促进了儒学在敦煌地区的繁荣和发展。经过本地儒者的撰述，政府的推广和民间的流传，大量的儒家文献在敦煌地区广泛流传，对当地的经学、史学、天文历法、文学艺术等产生了极大的影响。对敦煌本儒家文献进行分类，是分析、把握、研究敦煌本儒家文献的前提，但是，迄今不见对其专门的分类研究。本论文的创意就是从总体上对敦煌本儒家文献进行分类研究。即在前人对整个敦煌文献进行分类的基础上，尝试着把敦煌本儒家文献分为四大类：经典类、历史类、蒙训类、杂著类。这个分类仍然是粗略的，仅仅是笔者的一个尝试。随着对敦煌儒家文献研究的不断深入，一定会总结出更为科学严谨的分类方法。在敦煌本儒家文献来源问题的研究上，学界有着不同的看法，本论文也提出了我们新的见解，认为这些文献主要来源于本地撰述和外地传入。更多还原

【Abstract】 The discovery of Dunhuang literature is one of a great discovery of 20^th century at home and aboard. Chinese academician clean up and investigate Dunhuang literature since 1909. An emerging new subject—Dunhuangology has appeared and has become an important academic topic worldwide. In spite of Confucian texts which are an extremely small amount in Dunhuang literature, it has not only lots of volumes and miscellaneous species but also its characteristics showing Dunhuang Confucius literature concentrate on manuscript. From Six Dynasties, Northern Dynasty, SUI-TANG Five Dynasties to the Early Song Dynasty, the time span is five and six hundreds years and it is earlier than rare books of Song and Yuan Dynasties we used. It also provides lots of rare documentations for the research of Confucius and Chinese traditional culture and is of the upper academic and historical value. Dunhuang Confucius literature is of full-bodied Dunhuang regional features. It holds not only scholastic material but also historical literatures obviously showing Dunhaung regional characteristic and editorial characteristics. These literatures supply abundant source material for the research of Dunhuang regional history, education, language character and social custom.In recently years, the special topic of Dunhuang Confucius literature, such as: Confucian Classics, initiatory documents, Shuyi, promote a set of valuable research achievements. Actually, as a whole classificatory research, it is not deeply discussed and is short of the unitary understanding. The theory tries to probe into Dunhuang Confucius literature systematically and from a new a historical angle to discuss the spread, source, classification, collection and research, historical data and importance of Confucius literatureAs a place of interaction between Chinese and western cultures, Dunhuang Area is dominated by Central Plain Cultures which is based and presented by Confucianism, although it is influenced by western culture. Dunhuang’s special historical and geographic environment, ruler’s Policies and Measures aand some scholars’ efforts, all of this advanced the prosperity and development of Dunhuang Area. A great number of Confucian literatures are popularized in Dunhuang Area through the local Confucians’ historiography, government’s spreading and folk distribution. This popularity profoundly affects local Classics-Learning, historiography, astronomy and calendar, literature and arts.The presupposition of analysis, understand and research of Dunhuang Confucian literatures is categorizing. However, there is not its technical research of category until now. This paper’s creation is categorizing Dunhuang literatures as a whole. That is on the basis of others’ category of Dunhuang literatures in general, it tries to classify Dunhuang Confucian literatures into four classes: classics, history, heuristic education and essays. This category is still rough and it is only the writer’s attempt. As the constant deepening of research of Dunhuang Confucian literatures, it must be concluded more scientific and precise methods of classifying. The paper also poses the new opinion on the source of Dunhuang Confucian literatures. That is they originated from local historiography and introduction from other places.更多还原