【作者】 邓明科；

【导师】 梁兴文；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 结构工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 高性能混凝土具有高强度、高耐久性、高流动性及高抗渗性能等优点，适应了现代工程结构向大跨、高耸、重载发展和承受恶劣环境条件的需要，是混凝土技术的一个重要发展方向。钢筋混凝土剪力墙是一种广泛应用于房屋建筑的抗侧力结构构件。在高层及超限高层建筑的底部若干层采用高性能混凝土剪力墙抵抗水平荷载，可以减小剪力墙厚度，提高房屋的使用面积，具有明显的经济效益和社会效益。但是，由于高性能混凝土的脆性及剪力墙本身变形能力较差，高性能混凝土剪力墙的抗震性能尤其是变形能力有待研究和改善。震害和试验研究表明，建筑结构的倒塌主要是由于结构的变形能力小于相应的变形需求，基于承载力的设计方法不能定量地确定剪力墙的变形能力，而基于性能的抗震设计理论可根据构件的变形需求定量地设计其变形能力。因此，本文将基于性能的抗震设计理论应用于高性能混凝土剪力墙的抗震设计，并根据高性能混凝土剪力墙自身的受力特点，研究改善其抗震性能的有效措施和性能设计理论与方法。主要研究内容如下：（1）将建筑物的性能水平划分为使用良好、功能连续、功能中断、生命安全和防止倒塌五个水平，结合我国规范的设防水准，提出了基于性能的抗震设防目标；给出了剪力墙结构的性能水平、性能目标与延性需求之间的关系，以及对各个性能水平的设计考虑和性能目标选取的设计建议。（2）根据剪力墙结构的受力特点，从理论上分析了剪力墙结构的名义层间位移、有害层间位移、层间有害转角以及截面弯曲曲率之间的关系，给出了有害层间位移的实用计算公式和层间目标位移的确定方法。在此基础上，提出以有害层间位移作为剪力墙结构的性能指标，既能有效控制剪力墙结构在地震作用下的破坏程度，且符合基于性能抗震设计的要求。（3）通过分析约束混凝土的破坏机理，分析相邻箍筋之间未受到直接约束作用的自由截面混凝土约束应力的变化情况，提出考虑纵筋侧向弯曲变形的混凝土约束应力分析方法和混凝土约束应力函数的求解步骤。算例分析表明，在设计中采用约束混凝土提高构件的变形能力时，控制箍筋最大间距和纵筋的最小直径，是保证约束箍筋的作用得以发挥的必要条件。（4）提出采用分段约束高强箍筋改善高性能混凝土剪力墙的延性，对按延性需求设计的4个高性能混凝土剪力墙试件进行拟静力试验，研究了轴压比、约束箍筋数量及范围对高性能混凝土剪力墙延性的影响；以层间位移角作为高性能混凝土剪力墙的性能指标，通过对试验现象和试件破坏状态的描述给出不同性能水平对应的层间位移角量化值。（5）根据剪力墙截面的特点，分析了分段约束箍筋对高性能混凝土剪力墙截面延性的影响；推导了设置分段约束箍筋剪力墙截面屈服曲率和极限曲率的计算公式，并对其进行了数值计算。算例分析表明，约束箍筋的作用对剪力墙截面屈服曲率的影响较小，但对极限曲率的影响较大。（6）通过计算分段约束箍筋对剪力墙截面的约束作用，建立了高性能混凝土剪力墙截面的λ_v-α-ε_ccu关系；采用剪力墙截面曲率延性的简化公式，建立了剪力墙截面的λ_v-ξ-μ_φ关系；提出了剪力墙截面变形能力设计方法。（7）根据轴压比的一般概念，研究了高性能混凝土剪力墙轴压比限值与位移延性需求和约束箍筋数量之间的关系，并给出在基于性能的抗震设计中剪力墙轴压比限值的确定原则和设计建议。（8）根据我国规范的抗震设防水准，选取使用良好、功能中断和防止倒塌三个水平作为钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构的性能水平，并用层间侧移角限值予以量化，提出了钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构直接基于位移的抗震设计方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 High performance concrete, which adapted to the structure of long span, high rise, heavy loads, is characterized by its high strength, high durability, high workability and high impenetrability. It behaves well in deleterious conditions, and represents the trend of development for concrete teleology. Because reinforced concrete shear wall structure is widely used in lateral load resisting structural systems, high performance concrete shear wall, which is adopted for resisting lateral force in the lower stories of high-rise structures and super high-rise structures to reduce the thickness of shear wall and increase the serviceable areas in buildings, is a type of cost effective structure. Due to the poor deformation capacity of shear wall and brittle behavior of high performance concrete, seismic behavior, especially the deformation capacity, of high performance concrete shear wall need to be investigated and improved.Earthquake experiences and experimental research indicate that the collapse of the structure is mainly due to its poor deformation capacity compared with the high deformation demand. The deformation capacity of shear wall cannot be evaluated by using the force-based seismic design method, while its deformation capacity can be determined quantitatively according to the deformation demand by using the performance-based seismic design method. Therefore, the performance-based seismic design methodology is applied to the design of high performance concrete shear wall in this paper. Thus, effective measures used for enhancing its seismic behaviors and performance-based seismic design method are investigated according to the bearing characteristics of high performance concrete shear wall. The main content covered are presented as follows.（1） The performances of buildings are divided into five levels of serviceability, performance continuity, performance interruption, life safety and collapse prevention in the paper. Then, the performance objectives are presented in combination with seismic fortification levels provided in the China Code for Seismic Design of Buildings. The relationship among the performance levels, performance objectives and ductility demands is given for shear wall structure, and design considerations for various performance levels and selection of performance objectives are proposed.（2） According to the characteristic of shear wall structure, the relationships among nominal storey drift, destructive storey drift, interstorey rotational drift angle and bending curvature of section are derived theoretically. The practical formulas to calculate the destructive storey drift and the determined method of storey target drift are presented. Then, it is proposed that the destructive storey drift, which can control the extent of damage to shear wall structure under earthquake load and satisfy the demand of performance-based seismic design, is regarded as the performance index of shear wall structures.（3） By the investigation of failure mechanism for confined concrete and stress distribution for indirectly confined concrete between adjacent stirrups, the analytical procedure for confining stress of concrete considering the contribution of lateral deformation of longitudinal reinforcement and the solution method for confining stress function are proposed. Case studies indicate that limiting the maximum stirrup spacing and the minimum diameter of longitudinal bar is the necessary condition for confining ties to fully function when the confined concrete is adopted to improve deformation capacity of components.（4） Parted confining high-strength stirrup is adopted to improve ductility of high performance concrete shear wall in this paper. The quasi-static tests are carried out on 4 high performance concrete shear wall specimens designed according to ductility demand. The effects of the axial load ratio, the amount and range of confinement reinforcement on the ductility of high performance concrete shear wall are analyzed. The performance index of high performance concrete shear wall is quantified by the storey drift ratio, and the storey drift ratios corresponding to various performance levels are given by the description of experimental phenomenon and failure modes for test specimens.（5） According to the characteristics of shear wall cross section, the effects of parted confining stirrup on the curvature ductility for cross section of high performance concrete shear wall is analyzed. Formulas used for evaluating the yielding curvature and ultimate curvature for cross section of shear wall with parted confining stirrup are derived and the numerical analysis method for the proposed formulas is presented. Case studies show that the effect of confining stirrup on the ultimate curvature for cross section of shear wall ismuch more significant than that on the yielding curvature.（6） Theλ_v-α-ε_ccu relationship is established for cross section of high performanceconcrete shear wall by the calculation of the confining stress of the parted confining stirrup. And theλ_v-ξ-μ_φrelationship is also established by using the simplifiedformulas for evaluating the curvature ductility of cross section of shear wall. Then, a method used for the design of cross-sectional deformation capacity of shear wall is proposed.（7） According to the concept of axial load ratio, the relationship among the limits of axial load ratio, displacement ductility demand and the amount of confining ties in high performance concrete shear wall is investigated. The principle and the design suggestion for determining axial load ratio in shear wall are presented in performance-based seismic design.（8） According to the seismic fortification levels provided in the China Code for Seismic Design of Buildings, the three levels of serviceability, performance interruption and collapse prevention, which are qualified with storey drift ratio, are selected as the performance levels of shear wall structure. Then, a direct displacement- based seismic design method is proposed.更多还原