【作者】 张沐新；

【导师】 杨晓虹；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 生物化学与分子生物学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 本论文对两种百合科植物化学成分进行研究,主要包括两部分:1.第一部分以黄精属植物玉竹根茎为原料,采用先进的分离纯化方法自玉竹根茎中分离19个玉竹单体化合物,对其中的16个进行了结构鉴定,14个为甾体皂苷。其中2个皂苷为新化合物,3个为黄精属植物中首次得到,7个皂苷为首次从玉竹中获得。还首次从该属植物中分离得到Zizybeoside I。并采用MTT法对单体皂苷进行了体外免疫调节及抗肿瘤生物活性实验。2.第二部分以百合科葱属植物分蘖葱头鳞茎为原料,提取分离得到了5个黄酮类化合物。其次通过正交实验确定了总黄酮最佳乙醇提取工艺,然后通过静态、动态吸附与解吸实验筛选了9种大孔树脂,确定AB-8为最佳树脂。最后通过单因素和正交实验确定了用AB-8树脂富集纯化分蘖葱头总黄酮的工艺参数,并建立了分蘖葱头药材的含量测定方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 It includes four parts: 1 the generalization of chemistry compounds from Polygonatum L. 2 the isolation and structure elucidation of the steroidal saponins in Polygonatum odoratum（Mill.） Druce. 3. the isolation and structure elucidation of the flavonoids in Allium Cepa L. Var. Agrogatum Don. 4. The extraction and purifiction process of total flavonoid compounds in Allium Cepa L. Var. Agrogatum Don.1.Generalizing the studies on chemistry compounds in Polygonatum L.We have generalized the chemistry compounds discovered since 1920 in Polygonatum L. It includes: steroidal saponins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, alkaloids and polysacharides. There are 89 steroidal saponins from 10 Polygonatum L. plants. It is concluded that the studies of steroidal saponins have been highly thought of and becom one of important research fields.2. The studies of the steroidal saponins in Polygonatum odoratum（Mill.） Druce.Steroidal compounds , which generally exist as their glycosides in plants, are a kind of important secondary metabolites in plants .Some steroidal sapogenins are important material for industrial synthesis of steroidal drugs. A lot of steroidal compounds showed interesting biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-aging, reducing blood sugar and spermicidal activity, and so on. Steroidal saponins are the main active constituents of some Chinese medicines, such as“Diaoxinxuekang”,“Gongxuening”and”Guanxinning”, and so on. In general, it is difficult to isolate and purify steroidal glycosides because of their high polarity and complex structures. The structures of steroidal glycosides are also complex. To further investigate molecular diversity of steroidal constituents in plants and discover natural bioactive products, steroidal constituents from Polygonatum odoratum（Mill.） Druce. And their bioactivities were studied in this part.19 cheistry compounds were isolated from the rhizome of Polygonatum odoratum（Mill.） Druce. Through the methanol extraction, organic solvent extraction, polyporous resin chromatography, silica gel chromatography and HPLC, and 16 chemistry compounds were elucidated by physico-chemical constants and spectroscopic analysis. 2 of them are new steroidal saponins. 7 steroidal compounds were isolated from Polygonatum odoratum（Mill.） Druce. for the first time. The structures of steroidal saponins are as follow: 26-O-β-D- glucopyranosyl-3β,26- dihydroxy -25（R）-Δ^5,22（23）-diene-furost-3-O-[α-L- rhamnopyranosyl（1→2）]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl（1→4）-β-D-glucopyranoside; 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（25S,25R）-furost-5-ene-3β,14α,22α,26-quarol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→2）-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-（1→3）]-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）β-D-galactopyranoside;26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22-O-methyl-（25S）-furost-5-ene-3β,26-diol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→2）-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-（1→3）]-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）β-D-galactopyranoside; 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl -（25S）-furost-5-ene-3β,22,26-triol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→2）-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-（1→3）]-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）β-D-galactopyranoside;3β,14α-dihydroxy-（25S）-sipirost-5ene; 3β,14α-dihydroxy-（25R）-sipirost-5ene; 3β-OH-（25S）-spiriost- 1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl- （1→2）-α-L-arabinopyranoside; 3β-OH（-25R）-spiriost- 1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl- （1→2）-α-L-arabinopyranoside; 3β-OH（-25R）-spiriost- 1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl- （1→2）-α-L-galactopyranoside; 3β-OH-（25S）-spiriost- 1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl- （1→2）-α-L-galactopyranoside; 3β-hydroxy-（25S）-spiriost-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→2）-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-（1→3）]-β-D-glucopyranosyl（1→4）β-D-galactopyranoside;3β-hydroxy-25S-spiriost-3-O-β- D-glucopyranosyl （1→4）β-D-galactopyranoside; benzonic alcohol-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→2）-O-β-D-glucopyranoside;β-sitosterol; daucosterol.3. the studies of the flavonoids in Allium Cepa L. Var. Agrogatum Don.5 flavonoids were isolated from the rhizome of Allium Cepa L. Var. Agrogatum Don. Through the ethanol extraction, organic solvent extraction, polyporous resin chromatography, silica gel chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by physico-chemical constants and spectroscopic analysis. It includes: quercetin; kaempferol; quercetin 4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside; quercetin3, 4′-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside; quercetin 3′-methoxy-4′-O-β-D- glucopyranoside.4. The extraction and purification process of total flavonoid compounds in Allium Cepa L. Var. Agrogatum Don.We have studied on extraction and purification process of total flavonoid compounds through experiment of monofactor, orthogonal experiment, macroreticular resins in this thesis for the first time.we determined the suitable condition and optimal extracting technology of total flavonoids by monofactor and orthogonal experiment. It was as follows: 3 times o f 70% alcohol,refluxing 3 times and one hour each;To select a optimum purification process of the total flavonoids from Allium Cepa L. Var. Agrogatum Don. By macroporous resin, static adsorption test and desorption test were carried out. The single factor test, orthogonal experimental designs and variance analysis were applied to optimize the manipulation parameters of macroporous resin. The macroporous resin AB-8 possessed the strongest adsorption ability to the total flavonoids among the 9 resins studied, in addition to an easy desorption property. The optimum adsorption conditions were concentration of feed 20mg/mL, the weight ratio of raw material and resins 1:30, The above experimental results can provide experimental basis for large-scale purification process of all flavonoids.A method to determine the content of quercetin and kaempferol in Allium Cepa L. Var. Agrogatum Don. By HPLC was developed. The separating column was a C-18 reverse phase column.更多还原