【作者】 郭美锋；

【导师】 刘晓明； 贾建中；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 古村落是我国社会历史发展阶段的历史文化遗存,随着众多学者对其研究的深入,对古村落的存在意义及价值正在被越来越多的有识之士所认同。然而,在经济社会高速发展的今天,在经济利益的驱动下,大量具有重要历史文化价值的古村落,正在经历着时代前进和环境剧变所带来的巨大冲击,正在遭受着非科学的规划、过度的旅游开发所带来的严重破坏,古村落的保护刻不容缓。古村落的形成与发展有其赖以生存的土壤,古村落的保护不仅仅是一栋栋单体建筑的保护,而更应是对组成古村落人居环境的各个组成部分的全面保护。本文以徽州古村落的人居环境与历史文化背景为基础,结合史料记载与现场调查,对已作为徽州古村落的扩展项目被列为国家世界文化遗产预备名单的婺源县理坑村展开人居环境各方面的分析研究。从对一个具体古村落的分析中,找出该古村落人居环境形成及其影响因素,以及其各组成部分的物质构成规律,为徽州古村落的人居环境研究提供一个详实的案例,在实践中为理坑古村落的保护与开发政策的制定提供依据,在理论上为徽州古村落的保护与发展研究提供可资参考的研究样本。本文分为十个部分。绪论部分阐述了研究背景、研究目的和意义。第一章从徽州的社会历史变迁出发,重新认识徽州古村落的演变历程,以及徽州古村落的保护与发展现状。第二章通过对现场调查成果及相关文献资料的分析,对理坑古村落人居环境形成与发展的历程及其“规划”特色予以阐述和总结。第三章系统地分析了理坑古村落人居环境生成发展的影响因素。第四章从构成理坑古村落人居环境的水口园林景观、街巷景观、建筑景观和溪流景观四个主要方面来分析其景观特质。第五章通过对理坑古村落物质空间构成及其外部物质空间的形态特征的分析,在物质空间的层面上展现空间组织的规律。第六章通过对理坑古村落中各类行为活动的分析,揭示人的行为在古村落外部空间中的分布规律;依据不同的人对理坑古村落景观的感受、体验,分析主观认识下理坑古村落的景观意象。第七章通过对理坑古村落保护与发展面临的冲突和当前古村落保护与发展理论的分析,提出理坑古村落保护与发展措施。第八章通过对目前徽州古村落保护与发展规划的实例和古村落保护与发展的有关理论的分析,提出徽州古村落的保护与发展模式。最后是结语部分。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ancient villages are historical and cultural heritages in the development of Chinese society. With the deeper research done by many scholars, the significance and values of the ancient villages have been recognized by more and more men of insight. However, pressed by the drive of economic interest in the era of rapid economic development, a lot of ancient villages with important historic and cultural values are suffering enormous shock resulting from the development of the era and the upheaval of the environment. Moreover, ancient villages are damaged severely by anti-scientific planning and over-exploited tourism. Therefore, it is an urgent task to protect ancient villages. Because there are foundations that the formation and development of ancient villages survive on, the protection of ancient villages is not only the protection of single building, but also the overall protection of all components which consist of the Human settlements of ancient villages.Based on the Human settlements, history and culture of ancient villages of Huizhou, the papper analyses all aspects of Human settlements of the villages of Likeng in Wuyuan which are among candidates for UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List as the extended program of ancient villages of Huizhou. The factors of the formation and affection of the ancient village and the rule of physical construction of all parts are explored through analyses of a specific ancient village Likeng. In addition, it sets practical basis for the protection and development policies of ancient villages of Likeng, as well as a good sample for the study on the protection and development of ancient villages of Likeng.There are nine parts in the essay. The introduction part deals with the background, purpose and significances of the study. Chapter One is about the social and historic changes of Huizhou, and re-recognizes the development course of ancient villages of Huizhou and existing protection and development. Chapter Two is about the course of the formation and development of the Human settlements in ancient villages of Likeng and the feature of its "Planning" through the analysis, on-site investigations and related literatures. Chapter Three is systemical analysis of factors which effect the production and development of Human settlements in ancient villages of Likeng. Chapter Four examines features of landscape of water gaps, streets, buildings and streams which consist of four main aspects of Human settlements in ancient villages of Likeng. Chapter Five copes with physical space construction of ancient villages of Likeng and characters of their outer physical space form, and introduces the rules of the spatial organization on the lay of physical spaces. Chapter Six looks at distributing rules of human behavior in the outer spaces of ancient villages through the analysis of all kinds of human activities and behaviors in ancient villages of Likeng. Further more, according to the feelings and experiences about ancient villages of Likeng from different people, subjective images of ancient villages of Liken are studied. Chapter Seven deals with challenges of the protection and development of ancient villages of Likeng and current theories of the protection and development of ancient villages. Some measures to protect and develop ancient villages of Likeng are put forward. Chapter Eight provides a mode to protect and develop ancient villages of Huizhou by analyzing the cases and theories of the protection and development.更多还原