节点文献
多向纤维缠绕复合材料制件及其设备的研制
【作者】 谢霞；
【作者基本信息】 天津工业大学 ， 纺织工程， 2006， 博士
【摘要】 多向纤维缠绕复合材料制件是螺旋缠绕、环向缠绕和0°缠绕等多种方向缠绕形成的一种制品，它的特殊之处在于实现了0°缠绕(即缠绕角α=0°)，因而提高了制件的轴向拉伸和弯曲性能。国外已有许多学者给予关注，而在国内这种缠绕模式还未见报道。本文首先对多向纤维缠绕复合材料制件的几何结构进行了分析研究。以一个缠绕循环为基础，并假设纱线截面形状为跑道形，建立了纤维体积含量的计算模型，从该模型可知，纤维体积含量与纱线宽度、纱线厚度、纤维缠绕循环数、缠绕初始半径以及纱线间隙有关，而与制件长度无关；以此为基础，推导出了纤维取向的计算公式，对影响轴向纤维取向、环向纤维取向的因素进行了分析，并计算了纤维取向一致时的参数值；以实际缠绕的四个制件为样品，分别计算了理论值和实际值，结果显示，二者符合较好，但仍存在一定的差别，并对实际值偏小的原因进行了分析。其次，对自行研制的多向纤维缠绕设备进行了介绍。从总体结构、芯模零部件设计、传动系统设计以及控制系统设计等几个方面进行了介绍，重点对各种缠绕线形规律进行了设计计算。该设备的独创之处在于用自行设计的轴向挂线盘实现了0°缠绕，应用它我们已经成功制作出了十几个多向纤维缠绕圆筒，实际生产过程证明它能够满足多向纤维缠绕制件的制作要求。然后，对多向纤维缠绕制件的力学性能进行了理论和试验研究。以经典层合板理论为基础，通过Matlab语言编程，建立了多向纤维缠绕圆筒的力学分析模型，预测出了轴向拉伸和轴向压缩强度；分别对多个试件进行了轴向拉伸、轴向压缩和径向压缩力学性能的测试，并将测试结果与理论预测结果进行了对比，二者符合较好；对测试结果、应力—应变曲线和破坏形式分别进行了分析。结果显示，添加0°纤维层试件的轴向力学性能明显得到了改善。最后，对多向纤维缠绕制件的特性及应用前景进行了展望。多向纤维缠绕制件可以满足工业生产中对高内压及轴向载荷下制品可靠性的要求。
【Abstract】 Multidirectional filament wound products (MFWP) are structures wound with helical winding, hoop winding and zero degree winding (the winding angle is 0° ), bearing the special characteristics of zero degree winding which can greatly improve the tensile and bending properties of composite pipes. Many foreign researchers have paid great attention to such structures, but there are not many related literatures found in our country.Firstly, this paper studied the geometrical structure of MFWP. Based on the hypothesis that the yarns possess the cross-section shape of race-track, a calculating model was proposed for the fiber volume fraction of a unit cell of multidirectional filament wound products. The model showed that the factors influencing the fiber volume fraction include tow bandwidth, tow thickness, total number of winding cycles, winding angle and the inner radius of the product, but have nothing to do with the length of the cylinder. Then the fiber orientation formulas were deprived from the above model, and the processing parameters influencing the hoop orientation and axial orientation were analyzed. Furthermore, the values of the process parameters were calculated under the condition of the fiber volume fraction of hoop orientation was equal to that of axial orientation. And the results from the calculation model and the experiment were compared, which gives a good agreement between. In addition, the factors lowering the actual fiber volume fraction were analyzed.Secondly, this paper introduced the multidirectional filament winding equipment, in terms of its whole structure and the design of mandrel parts, transmission system and control system, focusing on the design and calculation of the line type law of the filament winding. The unique property of this equipment is the realization of pure zero degree winding using the specially-designed filament-reciprocation device. On this equipment more than ten MFWP have been fabricated, which showed that it can meet the need of MFWP very well.Thirdly, this paper studied the mechanical properties of the MFWP both in theory and experiment. Based on the Classical Laminated Plate Theory, the mechanical analysis model of the tubes was established and implemented by the program of Matlab language, from which the axial tensile strength and the axial compressive strength were predicted. Then the specimens with different parameters were fabricated and tested under axial tensile, axial compressive and radius compressive loadrespectively. The theoretical model met the experimental results well. Furthermore, the test results, the stress-strain curve and the failure form were analyzed, which showed that the axial properties of the MFWP were obviously strengthened with the incorporation of the axial reinforcement.Finally, the characteristics and application prospects of the MFWP were illustrated, and it was concluded that this structure can meet the need for high internal pressure and axial loads with reliable performance in industry.