【作者】 李元跃；

【导师】 林鹏；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 植物学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 本文研究了红树科、使君子科、海桑科、紫金牛科、马鞭草科、爵床科等18种红树植物和2种红树科陆生非红树植物的叶片解剖特征。通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、激光扫描共聚焦显微镜的观察,详细描述和统计了研究植物的叶片结构特征和数量特征,根据观测结果,讨论了20种研究植物的系统学、分类学、生态学意义。同时对秋茄、白骨壤、桐花树3种红树植物叶的解剖结构与土壤理化因子、纬度的相互关系进行了研究,利用统计分析方法,分析了种内叶片结构数量特征的不同与纬度和土壤理化因子的关系。从而为红树植物的生态功能、分类、生境、系统进化地位、移栽以及湿地保护等方面提供重要的依据。1.首次系统研究了中国福建7种红树植物的叶片形态特征、解剖特征和结构数量特征。总结出红树植物叶片结构具有表皮细胞较小、一般具有内皮层结构、气孔下陷、栅栏组织发达、中脉维管束发达、富含单宁的共同特征,首次发现气孔也是红树植物可以排出盐分的一条途径,具体的排出机制有待于进一步探讨。2.首次系统地进行了中国红树科7种红树植物与2种非红树植物的的叶片解剖特征和结构数量特征比较研究。结果表明:①同是红树科的植物中,海生红树植物与陆生非红树植物的叶片结构特征具有显著的差异性,其差异性主要与适应环境有关;②红海榄和红树叶片结构中有皮孔排水器结构,角果木和秋茄叶片结构中有木栓瘤结构,首次提出红树植物叶中的皮孔排水器和木栓瘤结构在种的分类中的出现及其与周围环境的影响有关;③从叶片解剖学的证据支持了把尖瓣海莲确定为海莲的变种;④首次根据叶片结构特征制定出9种红树科植物种的分类检索表;⑤通过对海生和陆生红树科植物叶片比较解剖学的研究,首次提出了红树植物陆海迁移进化的二元性起源,否认了红树植物单独海源性或陆源性的观点,也否认了过去通常所说的海生红树植物是直接由陆生植物被挤压入海的猜想3.用叶片比较解剖学的证据支持了对榄李和红榄李生态隔离现象的解释。4.首次系统报道了中国现有海桑属所有种的叶片解剖特征和结构数量特征。总结出海桑属红树植物叶片结构除海南海桑外其余5种叶片都为完全等面叶,没有内皮层结构,海绵组织特化为贮水组织,栅栏组织中散布着贮水细胞的共同特征,并根据叶片结构特征首次制定出6种海桑属植物种的分类检索表。5.纬度、土壤理化因子、盐度和完全营养液与秋茄叶片结构数量特征的关更多还原

【Abstract】 Anatomical features of leaves of 18 mangrove species and 2 none mangrove species belonging to Rhizophoraceae, Combretaceae, Sonneratiaceae, Myrsinaceae, Verbenaceae and Acanthaceae were surveyed and analyzed. The morphologicalfeatures of structure and quantity of leaves were described and stated thoroughly by means of optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy. These results were used for the identification of species, related to systematic position and correlated with ecological adaptation to intertidal habitats. Correlation of features of structure of leaves of Kandelia candel, Avicennia marina, Aegiceras corniculatum and soil physical and chemical properties or latitude were studied. Relationship between soil physical and chemical properties or latitude and quantitative features of leaves were analyzed by means of statistical methods. This study will provide important information on ecological function of mangroves, identification of species, habitat, degree on economy of evolution, transplant and protection of swamp.1.Features of form, anatomy and structural quantity of leaves of 7 mangrove species in Fujian of China were studied for the first time. The leaves of mangrove species had common features of structure with lesser epidermis cell, hypodermis structure, settle of stomata, abundant palisade tissue,vascular bundle in midrib and dannin. Stomata is found to be one of the approach that mangrove vents salinity, and its mechanisms need further discussion.2.Features of anatomy and structural quantity of leaves of 7 mangrove species and 2 other plants of Rhizophoraceae in China were studied for the first time. The results showed:①Features of structure of leaves of mangrove species were different with those of other plants significantly , which was mainly related to acclimatization.;②There are lenticel hydathode in the structure of leaves of Rhizophora stylosa and Rhizophora apiculata, and cork nubble in the structure of更多还原