【作者】 汤方平；

【导师】 王国强；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 船舶与海洋结构物设计制造， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 喷水推进系统要做到高速化、小型化并有较高的推进效率,要求喷水推进泵的流量系数大、空化性能好、效率高,因此,喷水推进泵的设计难度高。国内喷水推进轴流泵的设计长期采用一维理论,设计质量严重依赖设计人员的经验和水力模型试验优选,设计周期长、成本高。采用面元法和CFD技术,开展轴流泵设计理论研究,可进一步提高轴流泵设计的质量和准确性,降低新型轴流泵水力模型的开发成本。通过理论计算和试验结果对照,分析了泵与泵装置(泵、进水管道和喷嘴的组合)水力性能之间的关系,发现泵装置性能高效区的扬程和泵性能高效区的扬程基本持平,因此提出采用等扬程、加大流量的方法来确定泵的设计参数。采用径向平衡方程分析轴流泵的轴面流动,在面元法分析的基础上实现叶轮叶片的造型。对设计叶轮进行的CFD分析和模型试验表明,设计点准确、效率高,能有效控制叶片的负荷分布,保证泵的空化性能。探讨了轴流泵内部流动三维紊流分析所适用的紊流模型、边界条件和网格剖分。研究了叶轮主要的几何参数对叶轮性能的影响,发现叶轮轮毂比和叶栅稠密度对扬程—流量曲线的斜率和高效区分布比较敏感。针对不同流量工况设计的后导叶,通过CFD分析和试验证明,能对泵的高效区分布产生明显的影响。考虑船舶工况的变化,初步研究了喷水推进轴流泵多工况、多目标和多约束的优化设计方法及其在iSIGHT软件平台上的实现过程。采用PIV测量了叶轮出口的轴面流场,更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to realize the waterjet propulsion system with small size, high speed and higher efficiency performance, characteristics of the waterjet axial-flow pump must be high flow coefficient, good cavitation performance and high efficiency, which cause difficulties for the design of axial-flow pump greatly. Axial-flow pumps have been designed based on one-dimensional theory mainly in our country, thus the quality of designed pumps relies greatly on experiences of designer. Such conventional design approaches face difficulties in improving pump performance, reducing the cost and shortening the time of delivery. A design method based on a panel method and CFD analysis is proposed in the present paper.The hydraulic performance relationship between the pump and pump installation (including pump, inlet duct and nozzle) is studied by comparisons of theory analysis and experiments. The head of pump and pump installation are nearly equal to each other at corresponding best efficiency point. A method of equal-head and increasing-flow rate is proposed to determine the design parameters of the pump. The meridional flow fields of an axial-flow pump are analyzed by the radial equilibrium equation and the blade cascade geometry is constructed by using cascade analytical design techniques based on the panel method. The CFD analysis and model test of the designed pump indicate that the better accurate design更多还原