【作者】 黄正荣；

【导师】 朱伟；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 岩土工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的发展和综合国力的提高，大中城市地下空间开发的高潮已经到来，地下工程的发展速度加快，而盾构法作为一种成熟的施工技术，应用越来越为广泛，故加强理论指导迫在眉睫，而我国到目前为止还没有形成全国范围内的系统盾构规范，使得我国盾构隧道设计工作具有很大的盲目性，没有考虑我国工程实际，管片设计要么偏于保守造成浪费，要么偏于不安全造成工程安全隐患，因此开展盾构隧道设计方面的研究具有重要的学术价值和使用价值，可以为安全、经济、合理的管片设计提供指导。 盾构隧道衬砌管片设计的关键问题在于结构模型本身是否能反映管片的实际受力状态。目前隧道衬砌管片横向理论解析分析方法主要有四种：惯用法、修正惯用法、多铰环法以及梁-弹簧模型；纵向理论解析分析方法主要有两种：纵向梁-弹簧模型、纵向等效连续化模型，上述几种模型无一例外的都是将管片沿纵向或横向简化为梁进行计算，但是盾构隧道是一圆环状结构，又是由许多管片拼装并用螺栓连接而成，结构性态相当复杂，沿横向和纵向简化为梁，在很多情况下难以准确反映管片环之间的结构性能，因而与隧道实际的力学特性及结构性能会有一定的差异。另一方面随着设计、施工经验的成熟，国内外盾构衬砌管片环宽度有增加的趋势，此时用梁来模拟衬砌管片不能完全反映管片的力学特性。而且隧道纵向结构性能和横向结构性能是密不可分的，隧道衬砌的横向结构性能的变化将不可避免地引起隧道衬砌的纵向结构性能发生一定的变化，反之亦然。而目前的结构模型都是仅仅针对纵向结构性能或横向结构性能的，没有一种模型能同时适用于隧道两个方向的结构性能分析。本文的主要研究如下： 1、在研究了现有盾构法隧道衬砌管片设计方法的基础之上，提出了能较为全面反应盾构法隧道衬砌管片力学特性的壳-弹簧模型，并编制了相应的计算机程序。模型中用矩形平板壳单元来模拟衬砌管片，用弹簧单元来模拟管片的接头效应，并验证了壳-弹簧模型程序的正确性。 2、运用壳-弹簧模型和梁-弹簧模型对盾构隧道衬砌管片的横向受力特性进行研究分析，比较两种模型计算盾构衬砌管片错缝拼装时的力学特性的异同，从力学机理上来解释梁-弹簧模型和壳-弹簧模型计算导致差异的原因； 3、分析了随管片环宽、管片厚度、及埋深的不同，梁-弹簧模型和壳-弹簧模型计算结果的差异，明确了梁弹簧模型的适用范围。 4、运用壳-弹簧模型对修正惯用法中设计参数管片环弯曲刚度有效率η和弯更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of economic and overall strength of the country, the climax of underground cavity of big and middle city is coming. The rate of development underground construction is faster, shield method is a mature engineering techniques which is used more and more abroad, so it’s urgent to draft out a standard for shield tunnel tunneling. Because of lack of the standard for shield tunnel, the design of shield tunnel lining is blind, which doesn’t take into account the reality of shield engineering in China. Without the guidance of the standard for shield tunnel, the results of shield tunnel lining lead to waste or haphazard of design. The results are not benefic to strategic implement of subway project of vital and lasting importance, can avoid haphazard design of shield lining. So the study for the design of shield lining is very valuable for academy and application, which has some guidance for designing shield segment in the aspects of security, economy and rationality.The most important problem of theory of shield segment design is whether the design model can reflect the practical stress of the segment. The models of cross structure for design calculations are classified by joint evaluations as follows: Usual calculation method, Modified Usual calculation method, Ring with multiple hinged joints calculation method and Beam-spring model calculation method. The longitudinal have two structure models, including longitudinal Beam-spring model and longitudinal equivalent rigidity model. All these models are simplify the segment as beam in cross or longitudinal direction. But shield tunnel is a round hole shape structure, and is made up of many segments, structure performance is quite complex. Reflect the structure performance between segment rings is difficult when simplify the segment as beam in cross direction or longitudinal direction. So it is difference from the mechanics character and structure performance of the shield tunnel. Development with the mature of design and construction, the width of segment is more and more wide, this time beam which simulating the segment can not reflect the practical mechanics character of the segment. And the longitudinal structure performance of tunnel is related to the cross structure performance of tunnel. With the alteration of the longitudinal structure performance of tunnel, the cross structure performance of tunnel also will change. But now all the models can only reflect the cross or longitudinal structure performance, and no model can reflect both the cross structure performance and longitudinal performance at one time.更多还原