【作者】 翁季；

【导师】 陈仲林；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 建筑技术科学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 本文是国家自然科学基金课题《主城区道路照明数字化研究》(批准号50378093)和博士学科点专项科研基金课题《城市机动交通道路照明安全研究》(批准号20050611007)的研究分课题,旨在进一步完善道路照明理论与设计方法,为道路照明的数字化研究提供更为科学的依据。机动车交通道路照明是城市道路照明的主要类型,其目的是为道路使用者创造良好的视看环境,保障道路交通安全、降低能源消耗。目前随着我国城市道路建设的飞速增长,道路照明水平参差不齐和能耗巨大的现象非常普遍。因此,论文在国内外道路照明的研究成果基础上,根据视觉科学的最新理论,以国内尚未开展的可见度研究为切入点,建议了一个符合国际上研究动态的、实用的机动车道路照明评价指标体系与照明设计标准,并确定相应的设计方法,期望能够进一步发挥道路照明的功能,达到节约能源,大力推动城市道路绿色照明发展的目的,为当今国际上道路照明可见度设计方法研究做出一定的贡献。论文第二章在总结前人对道路照明研究成果的基础上,从道路交通使用者对道路照明质量的要求出发,以视觉功效、视舒适、安全性、节能性为基础构架了符合时代发展的、合理的道路照明评价指标体系。论文着重对综合影响驾驶员视觉可靠性的小目标可见度评价指标进行了详细的理论研究,通过计算机模拟不同适应水平、不同视角的人眼视觉实验,首次提出了适合于道路照明的阈限亮度差的计算模型,并以此简化了当前国际上所采用的可见度计算方法。论文第三章对我国机动车交通道路照明的现状进行了实验研究,提出了以数码相机为基础的快速测量机动车交通道路照明亮度分布的数字测量方法,确定了数字图像的灰度值和刺激值之间的关系式,并建立了亮度计算式。对国内主要城市的54条道路的多项照明数据进行了实测,将实测数据与国内外设计标准值进行分类比较,归纳出我国道路照明的现状特征,为制订合理的设计标准建立了坚实的基础;在对上述道路进行实测的同时亦对照明质量进行了调查研究,获得了近三千名道路照明使用者的主观评价数据,采用SPSS统计软件首次得到了机动车交通道路照明评价指标间可量化的相互关系。论文第四章深入研究了广义的韦伯—费昔勒定律,首次提出了由客观物理量得到相应主观感觉量的近似计算式,根据该式并结合现场调研的实验研究数据,建议了由照度设计标准、亮度设计标准、小目标可见度设计标准和道路照明功率密度标准四部分组成的机动车交通道路照明设计标准值。该标准涵盖了视觉功效、视舒适、安全性、节能性等多方面的内容。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article is a subentry research of the Country Natural Sciences Fund Research " Research On Digitization Of City Road lighting" (Authorized Number 50378093) and Doctor Discipline Special Sciences Foundation Research"City Road lighting Safe Research" (Authorized Number 20050611007). It is for the purpose of consummating the road lighting theory and the design method, and provides a more scientific basis for the road lighting digitized system.The vehicle road lighting is the main form of urban road illumination, its main goal is creates good view environment for the road user, safeguards the road traffic security, reduces the energy consumption. At present, with the rapid development of urban road, it is common that the road lighting level irregulars and the energy consumptions huge. Therefore, based on the domestic and foreign road lighting research results foundation, and according to the visual science newest theory, this paper suggested a practical road lighting appraisal system and a illumination design standard and determinated corresponding design method. The research content is important to the road lighting function, save the energy and impels the city road green illumination development; The research results has filled the blank of road lighting visibility research in domestic, consummated international road lighting visibility design method, made a certain contribution for international road lighting visibility design method research.Based on the road lighting research foundation, this paper propund a reasonable road lighting appraisal system according the road traffic user’s request to the road lighting quality, visual effect, visual comfortably, security and energy conservation. Especially researched the small target visibility appraisal which synthesis affected the pilot vision reliable. Through computer simulation vision experiment on different adaptation horizontal and different angle of view proposed, it suited to the road lighting threshold computation model for the first time, and simplified the visibility computational method.The paper has conducted the experimental study on our vehicle road lighting situation, proposed a rapid road lighting distribution numeral measuring technique based on digital camera, produced relational type between the digital picture gradation value and stimulates value, and suggested luminance mathematical formula. And has更多还原