【作者】 李军；

【导师】 廖振方；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 支座是连接桥梁上部结构和下部结构的重要部件。它将桥梁上部结构的反力和变形(位移和转角)可靠地传递给桥梁下部结构。随着桥梁建设事业的迅猛发展,对桥梁支座的承载能力、对支座适应位移和转角的要求不断提高,因此需要探索和研制与之相适应的各种新型桥梁支座。重庆朝天门大桥采用的球型支座承受的力非常巨大(145 000kN),国内外均无定型产品,必须在结构上进行创新设计、分析和试验。论文在充分分析了国内外的发展动态和最新的研究成果的基础上,对常规球型支座的设计进行了分析,为了适应朝天门大桥的需求,必须对球型支座进行创新设计。从结构上对支座进行了创新设计,将支座中的球冠衬板的水平滑移面移到支座下方,并首次使用了导向结构。根据相似理论设计制作了模型支座并进行试验;试验表明:设计计算是正确的,从而为建立支座的分析模型和本构方程提供了可靠的依据。根据支座结构和传递竖向荷载和水平荷载的实际情况,建立了连同墩台在内的支座有限元模型,对支座进行了静态和动态的有限元分析,所建立的模型能比较真实反映支座结构的受力和变位情况。分析结果表明:作者设计的支座主要部件的应力和应变能满足设计要求和行业标准,主要受力部件应力分布均匀,支座使用安全可靠。新设计的球型支座即将用于重庆朝天门大桥。本论文的主要创新点和贡献如下:①由于重庆朝天门大桥采用的球型支座受力巨大,在深入分析和研究钢桁架结构支点受力影响的基础上,将常规的位移面上置改变为位移面下置,这种倒置换结构满足了设计要求。②由于横桥向的加大位移量和侧向滑板的横向尺寸的加大会对水平力传递和滑板承压产生不利影响,采用导向块结构降低了这种不利影响。③建立了球型支座与混凝土墩台的1/4组合有限元模型,该模型能够比较准确描述墩台对支座的影响。在有限元分析中,运用了接触方式(contact),更准确地描述支座结构之间的接触方式,仿真结果也更切合实际。本文力图从支座的结构、试验、有限元分析等方面对超大吨位球型支座进行合理的设计,为支座的设计、制作提供一条新的思路,并为今后修改制订国家技术标准提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The bearing is the important part that connects the superstructure and substructure. The counter-force and distortion(displacement and corner) are reliable transferred from superstructure to substructure by the bearing. With the rapidly development of the bridge construct project, and the request of the loading capacity, displacement and corner is been advanced for the bearing, so the new type bridge bearing is explored and made which adapts the requests.The load of the spherical bearing applied in Chaotianmen bridge, Chongqing,is very huge(145MN), there is no finalized product over the world. Based on reviewing upon the development of the bearings of the domestic and international super tonnage bearings, the design of the general spherical bearing is analyzed, and for the adapting the request of the Chaotianmen, the innovational structural design for the super tonnage spherical bearing are analyzed, the horizontal slipping face is changed from upper one to down one, and the oriented structure is used firstly. Based on the similar theory, the model bearing has provided and made. Testing data indicates: the design is validated, so it provide the gist for building the analysis model and construct equation. By the structure of the bearing and real horizontal and vertical load, the FEA (finitude element Analysis )model for the super tonnage bearings with the bearing and frusta is built, the model could express the real load and distortion of the structure of the bearing. The analyzed results show: the stress and strain of the main parts of the bearing designed by author is adapt to the design request and industry standard, and this spherical bearing will used in Chaotianmen bridge, Chongqing, China.The main innovations in the paper are shown as below:①Because the power of the spherical bearing is the most super in the world, Considering the influence of the power from the steel joist frame, the upper traditional displacement face has been changed by the under one which satisfy the design requirement.②It is first time to adopt the oriented block in the bearing’s structure to reduce the disadvantage influence from the large displacement of the across bridge and across size of side slide board, so the design requirement is guaranteed.③According to the bearing’s structure and the fact transferring vertical and horizontal load, the 1/4 model of the whole bearing and the concrete mound are更多还原