【作者】 朱东风；

【导师】 吴明伟；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 城市空间发展研究是城市研究的核心内容之一,选择科学的空间研究平台,正确评判其内在的发展机制,有利于提高城市空间研究的科学性。文章通过对1990年代以来苏州城市拓扑空间(主要是句法空间)变化的内涵剖析,揭示城市演变的双重组织机制,并依此提出新的空间发展思路。主要研究结论如下:(1)空间句法技术能够就拓扑结构探讨城市空间的构成逻辑。城市拓扑空间系统内生的运动经济、结构关系和形态演进机制策动空间系统的自组织演化。来自于行为主体的规划调控、产业投资引导和社会价值取向机制外在干预城市空间发展。为此,可借助拓扑分析构建城市空间发展的双重组织机制研究框架。(2)1990年代以来,苏州城市拓扑结构发生变化:城市拓扑空间复杂性不断增强,多中心结构开始出现。全局集成核圈层拓展导致功能地位变化,在核心集成核轴线地位稳定的同时,形成新的“增长中心”。人民路集成核功能持续增强,干道与环路交叉口中心性显现,全局集成核街道机动与非机动运动流加大,运动经济效应明显。城市全局集成能力增强,分区智能水平出现差异,体现为主城、吴中区局部与全局结构关系协同,新区、工业园和相城区局部与全局结构关系呈现孤立与离散特征,整体城市性下降。分区局部中心性出现分异,主城区局部中心性很强,新区局部中心性向外发散,吴中区局部中心性向内收敛,工业园区存在两个孤立的局部微中心,相城区局部中心产生裂变等。(3)城市拓扑结构与功能结构具有相关性。公建用地规模、比例与句法水平呈正相关,建设用地扩展过快、公建空间不足以及工业用地的离心发展导致空间句法水平和运动经济性下降。同时,拓扑结构的变化对城市功能结构具有反作用。全局功能吸引子沿全局集成核分布且随集成核拓展而向外扩散,不同分区局部集成核区位与局部中心区位的相关性存在差异。(4)拓扑分析结论表明,1990年代以来的苏州城市拓扑空间呈现自组织演变特征,基本遵循运动经济、结构关系与形态演进三大机制原理。与此同时,以城市规划为核心的他组织机制作用,既促进了城市空间发展,也导致分区与全局空间发展的不同特征。各分区中,主城、新区与吴中分区空间发展具有对历史形态的路径依赖,工业园和相城区空间发展出现了跨跃式生长。在双重组织机制作用下,城市空间发展基本持续,但也产生了一些问题。(5)在对1990年代以来苏州城市空间发展实证研究的基础上,本文依据拓扑分析原理,对城市空间结构进行功能调整,并提出基于拓扑系统运行最优化与主体价值最大化的理想空间发展模式。对照城市理想空间发展模式,研究就有关城市空间发展规划方案进行了比较分析,在得出相关结论的同时,对城市空间发展规划提出建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research on urban spatial development is one of the nucleus subjects of urban studies. Scientific methods on spatial research and systematic evaluation of its inner developing mechanism will be greatly helpful to urban spatial development. By the means of analyzing the profound connotations of the changes of Suzhou’s topological space (mainly space syntax) since 1990, the dissertation discloses the dual organization mechanism embodied in this city’s evolvement, and accordingly puts forward some new reflections on its spatial development.The followings are the main conclusions of the research:(I) Space syntax technology based on topology helps to explain the constructing logic of urban space. The mechanisms of movement economy, structure relationship and morphology evolvement inwardly instigate the self-organization evolution of the urban topological system. Meanwhile, conductors’layouts and regulations, leading of industrial investments as well as social value tropism outwardly interfere its development. Therefore, topological analysis helps to set up the research frame of the dual organization mechanism of urban spatial development.(II) Since 1990, the features and profound changes of Suzhou urban topological structure have been embodied in the following two aspects: One is that its space complexity has been enhanced continually, and the other is that urban multi-center structure has begun to appear. The extension of its global integrator has led to the changes of its functions. The status of its axial line remains steady and some potential“developing centers”are being formed. The function of Renming Road integrator is strengthened: truck road crosses and ring road centers emerge and flows of vehicles and non-vehicles in the global integrator increase significantly, which result in the improved effectiveness of its movement economy. The urban global integration is reinforced and different zones’intelligibility varies. The Main City zone and the Wuzhong zone coordinate with the global structure, while Suzhou New District, Suzhou Industrial Park and the Xiang City zone are isolated from it, which accounts for the decline of the city’s integration. The centrality of different zones varies from each other: the Main City zone’s centrality is strong; Suzhou New District’s, spreading; and the Wuzhong zone’s, converging. In Suzhou Industrial Park, there exist two isolated local sub-centers. And the center of Xiang City zone splits, etc.(III) Urban topological structure is closely related to its functional structure. There is direct ratio between the scale and proportion of public facilities and the syntax level: The shortage of public facilities space, the over speed development of functional lands as well as the centrifugal development of industrial lands will lead to the decline of both spatial syntax level and movement economy. Meanwhile, the change of topological structure acts reciprocally to urban functional structure. Global functional attractors not only distribute along the global integrator but also spread outwardly together with the extension of the integrator. The relativity varies between the location of different zones’local integrators and the location of their local centers.(IV) As is shown in topological analysis, self-organization evolution is embodied更多还原