【作者】 廖智强；

【导师】 施建勇；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 岩土工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 填埋场是采用卫生填埋法对城市固体废弃物(MSW)进行处置的场地，填埋场沉降对填埋场容量、自身稳定以及对周围环境影响是填埋场设计和施工十分关心的问题。本文运用相关的理论及采用合理的假定，对填埋场沉降进行了较为系统及深入地研究，得到一些有意义的结论。本文的主要研究工作包括： 1) 对现有填埋场沉降模型进行了分类及评述。从岩土力学传统计算角度认为填埋场压缩沉降应分为瞬时沉降、主压缩沉降及次压缩沉降三部分。从有机质降解机理出发，认为有机质降解沉降应从有机质质量降解规律和质量与体积损失关系两方面进行研究。并认为沉降计算中应考虑压缩与降解二者之间的作用。 2) 进行了一套较为系统地填埋场稳定过程室内模拟试验，试验包括常规试验及柱状沉降试验，其中常规试验包括比重、持水率、压缩性、蠕变性、渗透性及降解性能等基本性质；柱状沉降试验中通过自行研制的柱状沉降试验仪了进行了室内沉降试验，试验中对沉降、淋滤液及气体收集量进行长时间的观测。 3) 从柱状沉降试验结果得到了填埋场稳定过程中有机质质量降解规律应符合Richards模型的结论；从有机质降解机理一些试验成果出发，提出了新的有机质降解质容转化比关系式。 4) 对MSW的瞬时模量及主压缩指数在一些常见因素影响下的变化规律进行了研究，得到了一些有用的结论。 5) 以非饱和固结理论为基础，得到了填埋场主固结(压缩)计算控制方程，从理论上得出了填埋场主压缩完成需要得时间，通过对一般情况下填埋场计算表明，主压缩完成时间受渗透系数影响较大。 6) 结合Kelvin模型及填埋场沉降“有限应变”特点得到填埋场一维次压缩沉降计算模型，并根据室内试验边界条件特点对模型进行了修正；探讨了在室内力学试验中排除有机质降解对试验结果干扰的方法；并提出了在压缩沉降计算中应如何考虑降解软化影响的计算方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Landfill is the place to disposal the municipal solid waste(MSW). During the design and construction, special attention was paid to the landfill settlement which affected on the capacity, stability, and the surrounding. Based on some hypotheses, the mechanism of settlement of landfill was comprehensively studied with the analytical method in this paper and some useful conclusions were obtained. The main studies of this paper were as following:1) Some existing landfill settlement models were commented and classified. Based on geotechnical theory, the compression settlement was divided into immediate settlement、primary settlement and secondary settlement. Based on the mechanism of biodegradation, the biodegradation settlement could be obtained from the analysis of the mass loss regulation and the analysis of formulation between the mass loss and the volume loss. The relationship between the compression and biodegradation should be taken into account when calculating the landfill settlement.2) A set of systemic experiments to simulate the stabilization of landfill was carried out, which consist of some routine experiments and column settlement experiment. Routine experiments include tests of special gravity, field capacity, compression, rheology, permeability and biodegradation. The apparatus of column settlement experiment was designed to carry on laboratory settlement experiment specially, which can measure the settlement, the volume of leachate and gas. These data were very useful for theory studying.3) The biodegradation mass loss regulation should be characterized with the Richards model from the result of column settlement experiment. A new formulation of conversion between the mass loss and the volume loss was put forward from the mechanism of biodegradation and some result of laboratory experiments.4) The alter rules of the immediate modulus and primary compression index related on some familiar factor were studied and some useful conclusions were gained.5) Based on the unsaturated consolidation theory, the control equation of primary更多还原