【作者】 汪毅；

【导师】 陆雍森；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 环境科学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 本文的研究工作是围绕作为可持续发展重要支柱性的手段—生态设计展开，根据生态设计不限于某个学科、某个领域的特点，工作的切入点首先选择在国内外生态设计发展相对成熟的产品生态设计、建筑生态设计、城市生态设计、景观生态设计等领域的实践，对其经验、理念、原理进行了总结和归纳，进而结合理论研究和实践将之应用于新的生态工程领域：产业链生态设计、产业链稳定性和柔性设计、清洁能源利用模式生态设计、水资源再利用生态设计、生活污水分散处理生态设计领域，以期获得在生态设计相应原理指导下这些领域的实践经验，并总结出这些领域在一定范围具有推广价值的技术方法和模式。 关于产业链的生态设计领域，本文基于协同进化和共生的原理，提出了利用FaST来捕捉产业链构建机会的技术途径，并利用常熟生态市规划中的相应数据予以验证，在对软件汉化的基础上，对使用过程进行了叙述，对其中涉及的匹配途径SIC码、NAICS码、国民经济行业分类与代码的适用条件进行了探讨。 在产业链稳定性和柔性设计领域，基于自组织原理中最为重要的负反馈机制，提出了在生态设计过程中构建负反馈信息平台的重要性和途径。针对产业链的运行管理，结合实际案例论证了产业链构建过程中可能涉及到的风险种类、和形式，提出了相应的规避方法。 在清洁能源利用领域，提出了由于可再生能源利用尚存在的局限性，在一定地域利用清洁的化石能源(如天然气)的利用设计也可归为生态设计，并着重指出清洁能源的利用模式是决定生态设计是否成功的关键。结合常熟市的现状，提出了针对苏南地区的小型天然气分布式热电联产的模式，并从政策、技术、环境影响和融资等方面进行了论证。 在水资源回用领域，基于循环再生和让自然做功原理，选用了目前比较热点的雨水利用。由于目前我国雨水利用主要集中在北方地区，结合本人参与设计的工程实例论证了南方多雨地区雨水利用的特点，提出了在一定地域具有推广价值的相应的生态设计方案。 在生活污水分散处理生态设计领域，基于循环再生和让自然做功原理，论证了分散处理的重要性，提出了生态卫生系统是现代生活污水分散处理前提的理念。结合自己参与设计的工程实例论证了自然条件的保育对于分散处理的重更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper studies on the principles, methods and application of eco-design, which is the main tool for the sustainable development. Because the eco-design covers a broad srectra of academic disciplines and practical fields, at first, this paper had to choose some mature fields such as products eco-design, architecture eco-design, city eco-design and landscape eco-design to learn their experiences and then to start own study.Based on the process, this paper sums up the key principles from literature to direct the practice of some new subjects as eco-design of industrial supply-demand chains, cleaner energy use, rainwater utilization ,sewage and night soil collection and treatment, and barracks. Eco-design of industrial supply-demand chain, stability and flexibility, cleaner energy using mode, water resource reuse and sewage decentralized treatment is the hotpot. The purpose of this paper is to find some valuable experiences and modes in these new subjects.Based on the principles of co-evolution and symbiotic model, this paper attempts to get the way of constructing industrial supply-demand chain by the software of FaST in industrial chain eco-design. This paper proved the validity of the software by the data from Changshu eco-city planning after hanzifing this software. The steps of using tool were discussed in detail, especially for the way of matching. The way of matching contains SIC code, NAICS code and GB/T 4754—2002 code. This paper discusses the applicable condition of these codes.Based on the most important mechanism of negative feedback in self-organizing principle, this paper brings forward the essentials of constructing the information platform and the way in industrial chain eco-design, stability and flexibility of industrial chain eco-design subject. Coupled with real case, the risk involved in the process of constructing industrial chain has been discussed and analyzed. Correspondingly the means have been brought forward.This paper bring forward that cleaner energy use is also reflecting the idea of更多还原