【作者】 梅晓宇；

【导师】 戴炜栋；

【作者基本信息】 上海外国语大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 本文从认知科学的视角解释外语习得中词汇习得的过程和原理，从而尝试性地解答长期以来以英语为主的外语教学中难以克服的问题，即“为何学过的单词容易遗忘?”作者在研究前人成果的基础上设计了自己的词汇习得模式——关联网络体系，并通过一系列调查实验证明这一习得模式的有效性。 关联是认知心理学中的一个基本概念，意指个体概念间的相互联系。Anderson，J．R．在1985年出版的Cognitive Psychology and Its Implications一书中提出了命题网络体系(propositional network)，认为命题间的相互关联有助于对单个命题的理解和掌握。因此，从理论上讲，由词汇构成的网络体系应有助于学习者对该网络中的个体词汇的习得。Ronald Carter曾对这一说法表示赞同，认为构筑词汇的关联网络可加深记忆。近年来，以二语习得或词汇教学为主题的专著和期刊文章中有许多都提及这一方面。但遗憾的是，以此为主题的专著和文章屈指可数。这说明这一主题还有待我们进行深入系统的研究。 本文作者尝试对关联网络体系对词汇习得的有益性进行深入和全面的探索，从而发掘其教学价值。文章分为两大部分。前一部分(第一章、第二章)着重论述关联在英语词汇习得中的理论意义，并描述作者由此构筑的新的记忆模式。后一部分(第三章至第六章)则从实践角度出发，采用多种方法验证这一新模式的实际教学意义及其适用人群。 第一章首先回顾了词汇习得的相关知识——总结性地介绍了词汇知识；引出领会式词汇(知识)和复用式词汇(知识)的概念以及词汇习得在两者间的过渡；概括了二语词汇教学法的演变——从而为整个文章构筑了理论基础，同时也便于读者全面了解二语词汇习得这一研究领域。 第二章将读者的注意力引向全文的重心，即词汇的关联网络体系。Craik和Lockhart于1972年提出深层加工假说(Depth-of-Processing Hypothesis)，认为人脑对信息加工的层次越深，该信息在人脑中留下的痕迹越深刻，记忆越牢固。此外，依据认知心理更多还原

【Abstract】 This Ph.D. dissertation is intended to provide an answer to the question frequently encountered by Chinese students of English—"How to memorize more words and how to keep them longer in our minds?" The author has devoted two years to an attempt at finding a more effective learning strategy as a solution to this question. Ultimately, she finds the answer in the cognitive concept of association. Inspired by related previous theories and empirical studies, the author constructs a conceptive construct—an associative lexical network weaving all words in mental lexicon into a tremendous super-network, which is made up of numerous sub-networks.As the core concept in this thesis, association deserves brief interpretation. It is a fundamental idea in cognitive psychology, which means new information comes into human minds by being connected to prior ones. In addition, association not only assists memorization but also paves the way for retrieving the words from mental lexicon when they are needed for application. Anderson, J.R. raises the idea of propositional network in his book entitled Cognitive Psychology and Its Implications published in 1985 that association among propositions facilitates understanding. Therefore, theoretically speaking, lexical network should be able to improve L2 vocabulary learning outcome. Ronald Carter supports this idea in saying that building up lexical networks improves memorization of the lexical items. Although this idea has been mentioned in articles and monographic works, few of them are on this topic specially. Thus it remains to be explored in depth.The author devotes her dissertation to the exploration of this idea. The dissertation is composed of two parts. Part I (Chapters One and Two) first lays theoretical bases for the new model, mainly lexical knowledge and association as a learning strategy. Then it focuses on the interpretation of the new model—associative networks. Part II (Chapters Three to Six) details a series of experiments that are for the purpose of testifying the effectiveness of the new model.Chapter One briefly reviews theories related to vocabulary acquisition, including word knowledge, receptive and productive word knowledge, and evolution of L2 vocabulary更多还原