【作者】 刘春颖；

【导师】 张正斌；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 海洋化学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 一氧化氮（Nitric oxide, NO）本身是一种无色无味的有毒气体,然而近年来的研究表明,NO不仅在大气中扮演着重要的角色,而且在生物体中具有特殊而多样性的功能,特别是植物生长重要的调节因子和信使分子。然而关于NO在海洋生态系中的作用和地位的研究尚属空白,开展海水中NO对浮游植物生长影响的研究,对深入了解NO对海洋生态系的影响及生物氮循环过程具有重要的意义。本研究选取有代表性的赤潮藻裸甲藻和中肋骨条藻,非赤潮藻亚心形扁藻进行NO的培养和测定实验。主要进行了以下几方面的工作:（1）进行了各种条件下外源NO对微藻生长影响的培养实验,系统总结了NO对海洋浮游植物生长影响的作用规律;（2）对上述三种微藻进行了比较系统和完整的全过程监测,总结了海洋微藻内源性NO浓度的变化规律,并初步探讨了海洋微藻体系内NO的来源;（3）研究了外源NO与金属（Fe、Cu）对微藻生长的共同影响,并探讨了金属对微藻培养液中NO浓度的影响。（4）研究了外源高浓度NO对赤潮藻的抑制作用及规律。利用电化学方法测定了NO在藻液中的衰变,并初步探讨了NO浓度与微藻生长的关系。（5）研究了外源NO对微藻光合色素、抗氧化系统的影响,并进行了微藻的光谱测定,初步探讨了NO对微藻生长的作用机理。主要研究结果如下:1.外源NO对海洋浮游植物生长的影响及规律（1）研究了不同浓度(1.4×10^-5～1.4×10^-10mol/L)NO对裸甲藻、中肋骨条藻和亚心形扁藻生长的影响。只一次性加入NO的情况下,10^-5 mol/LNO对裸甲藻和中肋骨条藻有明显的抑制作用,而10^-6 mol/LNO对这两种赤潮藻的促进作用最明显;对非赤潮亚心形扁藻则不同,10^-5 mol/LNO对亚心形扁藻的促进作用最明显。在每天两次加入NO的情况下,10^-5～10^-7mol/L NO对裸甲藻和中肋骨条藻的生长起明显地抑制作用,浓度越高对藻的抑制作用越明显;更多还原

【Abstract】 Nitric oxide (NO) itself is a colorless, odorless and toxic gas. However, in recent years, it has been found that NO play an important role in the atmosphere, at the same time, it has special and diversiform physiological functions in organisms, especially as an important growth regulator and signal massager in high plants. But the study on the function and status of NO in oceanic ecological system has not been reported. It is necessary to study the effect laws of NO on marine phytoplankton growth, for the purpose of understanding the influence of NO on oceanic ecological system and the process of biological nitrogen cycle. The red tide alga Gymnodinium sp. and Skeletonema costatum, and food alga Platymonas subcordiforms were chose to culture and the NO concentrations in culture media were measured. This work includes: (1) study the influence of exogenous NO on marine phytoplankton growth under the different conditions of culture, and sum up the patterns and chemical features of NO effect on marine phytoplankton growth systemically; (2)determine the NO concentration and other parameters of the medium of the cultivating microalgae, sum up the ingenerate NO production laws of marine phytoplankton ecosystem, and discuss the source of the NO production in marine phytoplankton system; (3)study the effect of exogenous NO and trace metals (Fe, Cu) on the growth of marine microalgae, and discuss the influence of trace metals on the NO concentration in the culture medium; (4) study the inhibiting effect and its laws of exogenous high concentration NO on red tide algae, and discuss the relation between the NO concentration and the algae growth by detecting the NO concentration variation in the medium. (5) study the influence of exogenous different concentration NO on the photosynthesis pigments content and antioxidant system of microalgae, and the spectrum of cultivating algae were determined, at the same time, discuss the effect mechanism of NO on microalgae primarily. The main results are as follows:更多还原