【作者】 武国胜；

【导师】 廖克；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 地学信息图谱是陈述彭先生等提出的用图谱思维方法归纳、总结、抽象和概括复杂地学现象或过程的前沿性研究领域，具有挖掘地学现象“格局与过程”内在规律的优势。本研究以福建省生态环境时空特征为研究对象，运用地学信息图谱的理论，并把环境信息模型与各种现代信息技术耦合的方法，对生态环境基础信息及其他社会经济信息进行处理，经过图谱思维的抽象概括，构建出区域生态环境时空格局信息图谱，用于揭示生态环境及其各要素空间形态结构与时空变化规律，形成对区域生态环境更深层次的认识，为生态环境的规划决策提供重要的科学依据和具体实施方案。并探索一个生态环境“格局与过程”的可视化研究体系。本研究主要内容包括： (1)在分析福建省生态环境主要特征及各生态因子之间作用关系基础上，提出以地貌形态和土地覆被类型为指标的生态环境图谱基本单元的分类体系，得到28种图谱单元类型。运用RS和GIS技术综合的方法，提取了福建省1988、1995和2001年三个时期的生态环境图谱类型单元数据。 (2)运用主成分分析法和层次分析法，对福建省生态环境进行了综合评价，按照综合评价指数将福建省分成六个生态环境等级区。基于生态环境综合评价的结果，对生态环境单元、生态环境动态度和土地利用程度的空间分布格局进行研究，构建了生态环境空间特征信息图谱。 (3)结合不同的数学模型，对三个时期的福建省生态环境图谱单元进行重组综合得到了“空间·属性·过程一体化”生态环境时空变化信息图谱，具体包括生态环境单元演化图谱、生态环境演变动态度图谱和生态环境景观变化信息图谱。 (4)定性定量方法相结合探讨了福建省生态环境时空格局的驱动机制。认为自然因素是生态环境空间格局与变化的基础条件，在大环境背景上控制着生态环境的分布状况。而社会经济因素是相对活动的因素，在较短的时间尺度内，它是生态环境类型变化的主要驱动力。 (5)提出了生态环境区划图谱的指标体系，采用分层聚类的分解法和凝聚法相结合方法，构建了福建省生态环境区划图谱，以谱系的形式形象直观地揭示复杂的生态环境因子的空间分异规律。构建了基于福建生态环境区划的各因子评价指数和综合质量指数诊断图，直观而准确地反映各生态环境分区的特征、优势及面临的主要问题，最后提出了以生态环境综合整治、资源环境经济协调为宗旨的各分区建设对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Geo-information Tupu is an advanced researching field initiated by Academician Chen Shupeng who inducing, summarizing, abstracting and generalizing the complex geo-phenomena with a thought of Tupu, which has its preponderance in disclosing the intrinsic law of "patterns and processes" of the geo-phenomena. The objectives are to study spatial-temporal characteristics of the eco-environment in Fujian province. Based on the theory of Geo-information Tupu and the method coupling environmental information model and modern information technology together, information from both eco-environment and other social economy is processed. Through abstractive generalization by the thought of Tupu, Tupu of spatial-temporal patterns in regional eco-environment can be constructed, and can be used to uncover the spatial-temporal change of spatial form and status for eco-environment and its elements. It also can provide scientific basis and implementary plan and can explore a visible study system of "patterns and processes" in eco-environment. Therefore, this thesis contains:(1) Based on the analysis of interactions between basic environmental factors in Fujian province, we bring forward a basic cluster system for category units of eco-environmental Tupu, based on geomorphology and land cover. Thus, 28 Tupu unit category can be obtained. By integrating RS and GIS, category units of eco-environmental Tupu in Fujian province are acquired in 1988,1995,2001, respectively.(2) By using the PCA and hierarchical analyses, the comprehensive eco-environment is assessed in Fujian province, and it is divide into 6 ranking areas according to the comprehensive evaluation indexes. Based on the results of comprehensive assessment, the spatial units, dynamic index and degree of land utilization is studied, and spatial characteristic information Tupu of the eco-environment is constructed.(3)By using different mathematic models, the information Tupu of "space-attributes-processes" is acquired, through a new combination of eco-environmental Tupu unit for the above three periods in Fujian province, which includes the Tupu of units evolvement, dynamics index of evolvement and landscape change information Tupu.(4) The driving mechanism of spatial-temporal pattern of the eco-environment is更多还原