【作者】 周璇；

【导师】 喻寿益；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 大型立式淬火炉是大型高强度铝合金构件热处理的关键装备，这些构件(如飞机大梁、龙骨、火箭和导弹端环等)是大型航空航天器的重要组成部分。为了获得高强度力学性能，构件内部合金含量较高，铝合金构件生成α过饱和固溶体的完全固溶温度升高，接近合金元素的最低熔化温度，使得淬火温度范围十分狭窄，超过此范围则不能获得均匀的成分、良好的晶粒织构和优良的机械性能，大型航空航天构件的高难度淬火工艺要求大型立式淬火炉温度控制高精度高均匀性。论文从炉内热交换过程的机理出发，抓住大型立式淬火炉的本质特征，应用分布参数控制理论分析和研究大型立式淬火炉控制策略，实现了多区段炉温控制的高精度高均匀性，成为提高大型构件产品质量和生产效率的关键。 大型立式淬火炉体积庞大，炉体结构复杂，各种热交换方式并存，炉内温度分布呈本征非均匀特性，多区段加热方式使得各区段温度具有强耦合特性，动态模型建立十分困难。构件悬吊于工作室中心，温度不能直接测量。传统的炉温控制策略很难实现大型立式淬火炉温度控制高精度高均匀性。论文针对大型立式淬火炉的控制难点，提出了包括测点温度补偿、分布参数系统建模方法、参数辨识算法、动态解耦控制、三段式PWM智能控制等控制策略，解决了大型淬火炉温度控制精度不高，升温过程长、超调量大，容易造成过烧事故等一系列问题，实现了快速低超调以及大空间范围内高精度和高均匀性的控制目标。 针对大型立式淬火炉内构件温度不能直接测量的问题，提出了构件温度测量的新方法。从炉内复杂的热交换机理出发，建立了炉内温度场数学模型，利用离散变换分析计算温度场分布，获得不同工况下构件实际温度和测点温度之间的差值用于补偿测点温度，满足了航空航天铝合金构件对淬火温度点非常严格的要求。 采用合理假设简化复杂的炉体结构，建立了大型立式淬火炉温度对象的二阶分布参数动态控制模型，通过模态分解方法得到保证系统可控条件下控制器应避免配置的位置，研究了控制器个数对炉温均匀性影响，同时验证了控制模型结构的合理性。 提出了二阶分布参数模型参数辨识正交函数逼近的标准化算法，更多还原

【Abstract】 Large-scale vertical quench furnace is a kind of critical equipment for thermal treatment of high-strength aluminum alloy components widely used in aerospace industry, such as the end collar of rocket and missile, landing chassis, torpedo shell and so on. The traditional temperature control strategies only based on lumped parameter system theories cannot meet the needs of the special quench technology of the components with the development of aerospace engineering and national defense construction.The structure of Large-scale vertical quenching furnace is complex; three types of heat transfer are combined; the components temperature in furnace cannot be measured directly; temperature distribution is non-homogeneity characteristically; the multi-zone heating mode adopted in this furnace leads to close coupling between adjacent zones. To the best of our knowledge, there is few of literature which investigates the control strategies on large-scale periodical vertical heating furnace system based on distribution parameter system(DPS) theory. With the features above mentioned, this dissertation proposes a series of control technologies for distributed parameter system, which include temperature compensation, dynamic modeling, parameter identification, decoupling control and so on. The application of DPS control strategies solves some temperature control problems of large-scale quench furnace such as low control precision, large overshoot during rising process causing over-burning accidents, and meets the needs of low overshoot and quick rising process, high precision and uniformity of temperature during holding period in the furnace.In this dissertation, a kind of method is proposed to measure the temperature of component which cannot be measured directly because it is suspended in the furnace. According to the analysis of complex heat exchange mechanism in the furnace, the model of temperature field is established. By the utilization of the numerical analysis result, the temperatures of component are compensated to meet the strict demand on quench technological temperature.By the simplification of complex furnace structure, the second order更多还原