【作者】 代中现；

【导师】 周洪钧；

【作者基本信息】 华东政法学院 ， 国际法学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 本论文的研究目的：伴随着经济全球化趋势，区域经济一体化走势也正在日益加强，这其中涉及到了许多重要的法学理论问题。我国如何把握入世和CEPA协议全面实施的契机，这是关系到国家大政方针的现实问题。在这样的背景下，本文提出了中国区域贸易一体化的概念，对中国区域贸易一体化所涉及到的若干法律问题进行了细致的研究。本文通过CEPA存在的法律问题和需要进一步完善的制度的研究，提出了中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区法律模式的设想，以求为我国区域经济一体化政策提供一个初步的参考路径，为中国区域贸易一体化提供一个可循的法律思路。这也是本文的研究目的和意义所在。本文共分为六章，论文的具体内容结构如下：第一章从WTO框架下区域经济一体化制度的快速发展，引导出对区域经济一体化问题的讨论。分析了区域经济一体化作为国家间竞争的“新”法律制度形式其产生的基础、面临的困境以及代表区域经济一体化发展形式的自由贸易协议(FTA)的扩张，最后，得出区域经济一体化法律制度时代来临的初步结论。第二章主要是论述WTO框架下中国区域贸易一体化的法律基础。首先讨论了实现中国区域贸易一体化的可行性与必要性，以及WTO框架下自由贸易区的法律基础，并评析了WTO框架下与自由贸易协议相关的几个典型案例：有关WTO对区域贸易协议审查的美加自由贸易协议案、有关GATT第24条实施的欧共体关税同盟案、有关GATT第25条豁免的美加汽车部件贸易协定案、有关WTO争端解决机制协调的美欧香蕉案以及土耳其印度纺织品和服装数量限制案。第三章主要是对WTO框架下《内地与香港更紧密经贸关系安排》(CEPA)进行宏观剖析。首先，对CEPA协议的背景、基本内容和特点进行论证；其次，讨论了CEPA与WTO的关系；最后，论述了CEPA的法律性质及其实施前提和途径。第四章主要是探讨了CEPA协议中服务贸易法律问题。首先，对CEPA中“服务提供者”定义与资格确定予以论述；其次，对作为CEPA服务提供者“香港公司”定义问题进行了分析。最后，研究了实施CEPA中服务贸易承诺存在的问题。第五章主要研究了CEPA协议中货物贸易和其他法律问题。首先，分析了CEPA协议中原产地认定标准存在的法律问题；其次，对CEPA框架下内地与香港之间倾销和保障措施问题予以研究；最后，讨论了CEPA协议中执行与司法审查和争端解决机制问题。第六章主要是提出和分析在WTO框架下中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区法律模式。首先，探讨了在WTO框架下对中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区制度的宏观把握，主要提出中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区战略定位、区域取向和需要重点突破的内容。其次，对WTO框架下中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区的法律制度进行了微观的思考，主要研究了中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区需要突破的法律障碍、确立中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区的基本原则和主导思想问题、中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区的近期和远期目标。最后，借鉴欧盟和NAFTA经验，提出中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区法律模式构想。主要内容有：1、中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区机构的分别和有序建立；2、完善中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区的相关法律制度，譬如，反倾销、反补贴和保障措施等制度；3、中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区组织机构及表决制度；4、建立灵活的中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区争端解决机制。本论文的研究方法：综合运用了历史考察、文义解释、实证研究和比较分析等论证方法以及演绎推理、归纳推理和辩证推理等推理方法。例如，在界定香港和澳门在WTO中的法律地位时，运用了文义解释法；在考察中国内地和香港、澳门实施WTO协议的情况以及由此而形成的相互之间的经贸现状时，运用了实证分析法；在阐明香港和澳门的法律地位时，采用了“基本理论——对象特征——定性分类”的三段式推理方法，即演绎推理法；在揭示WTO在中国内地和香港、澳门的实施情况及影响时，从众多统计数据与现实事例中得出结论的归纳推理法；在论证应当在中国内地、台湾、香港和澳门之间建立更紧密经贸关系的必要性时，采用了辩证地衡量、比较利弊得失的推理方法，即辩证推理法。本论文的创新之处表现在以下几个方面：一是论题的某些创新：本论文涉及到新的研究领域，探索了在国际组织内协调区域平等成员之间关系的新问题。为我国更好地实施WTO协议规则、发展两岸四地更紧密经贸合作关系和区域经济一体化策略提供了建设性的设想。如何把握入世后WTO协议在我国的实施、如何处理WTO中“一国四席”的局面以及如何建设中国区域贸易一体化将是最近一个时期我国应当加紧研讨的问题。对于这些问题，国内学界进行系统研究的不多。本论文结合新情况，涉足新领域，具有鲜明的创新性。二是观点的某些创新：论文结构采用递进式的推理方法，按照逻辑关系分别论证了一些主要观点。例如，论文在讨论中国区域贸易一体化时，考虑到中国大陆和台湾在短期内建立紧密的经贸关系仍存在障碍，提出可以先在中国内地与香港、澳门之间有效运作更紧密经贸关系的推动下，建立有效沟通机制，并以此为载体促进中国大陆、台湾、香港和澳门四个区域之间的自由贸易区的最终形成。本文对“CEPA”作为中国区域贸易一体化有机的整体研究了有关具体法律问题以及实现中国区域贸易一体化的基本形式自由贸易区的具体建议。三是方法的某些创新：本文综合运用了历史考察、文义解释、实证研究和比较分析方法，同时采用了演绎推理、归纳推理和辩证推理等推理方式，力求使研究结论更具科学性与合理性。区域经济一体化问题已经引起世界许多国家政府的重视。学界对该问题的研究也有了许多的成果，就国内国际研究状况看，对中国区域一体化问题也已经引起学界的关注。然而，对中国区域贸易一体化这一课题进行系统研究者并不多，发表的成果也多从宏观角度探讨，缺乏具体的指导意义。尽管也有从经济学视角对该论题略有涉及，但从法律制度的视角，综合国际法中的国际法主体、国际组织法、国际条约法和国际法与国内法的关系理论，结合港、澳、台具体情况对本课题进行全面具体的研究比较少。本文试图在这方面综合多种研究方法进行细致研究，以求得出一些有参考价值的结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of the thesis: Following the economic globalization trend at present, the tendency of integration of regional economics is being strengthened day by day, how to hold opportunity that CEPA agreement implemented in an all-round way after entering the WTO. This is a realistic problem that concerns the national fundamental policy. This text has carried on several legal problems involved in China’s regional trade integrating, these questions include: Four mats of questions of one country, the legal relations between four places of two sides under WTO. This is the purpose of this text.This text is divided into six chapters.First, chapter of the thesis is mainly discussed the fast development of the system of integration of regional economics from WTO frame. Analyzing integration of regional economics as "new" legal system form and expansion of the free trade agreements(FTA), author concluded that era comes of legal system of integration of regional economics.Chapter two mainly discussed the localization of legal status and legal relation between "four places of two sides "under WTO. At first, author have put forward" a seat of one country", "more than seats of one country" and Chinese question of "four seats of one country" in WTO, then relatively proved to Taiwan, Hong Kong and accession to the WTO and different nature of joining other international organizations of Macao respectively; and made a reservation with the relation of China Mainland to Taiwan, Hong Kong and status in WTO of Macao finally.Chapter three mainly discussed the macroscopic under the frame to WTO. First of all, the background, basic content and characteristic of CEPA are proved; secondly, have discussed the relation between CEPA and WTO; finally, described the legal nature and implementation prerequisite way of CEPA.Chapter four mainly discussed the legal question of service trade in CEPA agreement. First of all, have defined with the qualification to "service provider" in CEPA; Secondly, have defined "Hong Kong Company", service provider of CEPA. Finally, have discussed the existing problem of service trade promises while implementing CEPA.Chapter five mainly discussed the trade in goods and other legal problems in CEPA agreement. First of all, have analysed that asserts the legal question that the standard exists in producing area of Central Plains of CEPA agreement; Secondly, have dumped and ensured the measure to study between hinterland and Hong Kong under CEPA frame; Finally, have discussed the administration of justice in CEPA agreement that solves the mechanism problem with the dispute.The last chapter has proposed the way of China’s regional trade integrating under the frame of WTO. First of all, the author have probed into the macroscopically assurance of the system in the free trade area of China under WTO frame, strategy of the Chinese free trade area, the content that break through legal obstacle of China’s regional trade integrating under the frame in WTO. Secondly, author has suggested the legal system of free trade area of China under WTO frame, and how to solve legal obstacle of setting up free trade area of two sides under the frame in WTO. Finally, author proposed that setting up the legal consideration is key of the legal system of free trade area of China under WTO frame; Having put forward the basic principle of the free trade area of China: 1, Principle of carrying under the frame of WTO; 2, Realizing four places of two sides and the principles of other mutual supplement with each other’s advantages across boundaries; 3, Continue keeping four places, various countries’ existing advantages and principles of the status of two sides of trade zone; 4, Principle of promoting the development of the least developed countries; 5, Promote economic and environmental coordinated development; 6, Strengthen the little regional economic cooperation. And also author have suggested the long-term and short-term goal of establishing China’s regional trade integrating. Finally, author have proposed using European Union and NAFTA experience for reference, set up the system of China’s regional trade integrating.The approach of the thesis: author have used the method of history investigation synthetically, context explain, positive research and comparative analysis, etc. The thesis also used the proving and deducing, reasoning method etc. For example, while probing into the course of Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao and mainland’s accession to the WTO, author have used the method of historic investigation; In defining Hong Kong and Macao in international law and legal status in WTO, author have used the way of explaining the law; When proving the necessity of establishing a closer trading tie among China Mainland and Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao, author have adopted and compared the reasoning method of the advantages and disadvantages, namely the law of dialectical reasoning.The innovation of this thesis is shown in the following several aspects: first, the innovation of the proposition. This thesis involves the new research field, has not merely enriched the theories of domestic law, international law and even international relations, and has explored the new problem of the domestic relation in the international organization. China Mainland and Taiwan joined WTO, we have faced the problem of "four seats of one country", and this is unprecedented in international relations practice. "The issue of one country four seat" gives China the difficult problem and also challenge for the international community. This thesis combines the new situation and sets foot in the new field.更多还原