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具有奇性的非线性椭圆型边值问题及其特征值不等式
The Boundary Value Problem for Singular Nonlinear Elliptic Equations and Its Eigenvalue Inequalities
【作者】 熊辉;
【导师】 陈祖墀;
【作者基本信息】 中国科学技术大学 , 基础数学, 2006, 博士
【摘要】 本文首先简单介绍了具有奇性的非线性方程边值问题的历史背景、现状以及一类变分不等式的发展。 在第二章里,我们讨论如下含临界对数位势的半线性双调和方程Dirichlet边值问题在空间H02(B)中的非平凡解的存在性,其中B是R4中单位开球域,且p>2。 首先定义了非线性双调和方程中临界位势的概念,然后推导了含临界对数位势的Hardy不等式:当维数N=4时,对任意非平凡的u(x)∈H02(B),当x≠x0时,都有 integral from B u2/(|x-x0|4ln2|x-x0|)dx≤4integral from B |Δu|2dx.利用这个不等式证明了问题(1)对应的泛函满足山路几何。从而得到如下的存在性结论:对任意的p∈(2,+∞)(此时包括次临界、临界和超临界指数的情况),若λ>λ0=1/4成立,则该问题无解;若λ<λ0,则问题(1)都至少有一个正解。 在第三章,我们主要研究两类含奇性的双调和Dirichlet边值问题的特征值不等式。第一类问题所含的奇系数属于L∞(Ω),即如下含奇性的双调和方程Dirichlet问题其中λ>0,a(x)∈L∞(Ω)且a(x)>0,Ω(?)RN是一个有界区域,并且边界是充分光滑的。空间维数N≥2。对于问题(2),得出如下的特征值不等式 而第二类问题所含的奇系数属于Hardy位势,即
【Abstract】 We firstly introduce in Chapter 1 the history, background and present situation of the boundary problem for some nonlinear elliptic equations with singularity and the development of some variational inequalities.In chapter 2, the nontrivial solutions in space H02(B) of the Dirich-let problem for a biharmonic elliptic equation with the involving critical logarithm weightis studied. Where B is an open ball in R4, and p > 2.Firstly, the critical weight for the nonlinear biharmonic equation is defined, and then get the Hardy inequality with logarithm weightfor all nontrivial u(x) ∈ H02(B), if x ≠ x0 and the dimension N = 4. By this inequality, we can prove that problem (1) satisfies the Mountain Pass geometry. Thus, the result is obtained: If λ > λ0 = 1/4, then the problem (1) has no nontrivial solutions for all p ∈ (2, +∞) (including subcritical, critical, supercritical cases); If λ < λ0, then the problem (1) has at least a positive solution.In chapter 3, the eigenvalue inequalities for biharmonic equations with two kinds of singularity are discussed. One kind of singularity belongs to L∞(Ω), that iswhere λ > 0, a(x) ∈ L∞(Ω) and a(x) > 0, Ω RN(N ≤ 2) is a bounded domain with smooth boundary. As to problem (2), we get the inequality