节点文献

基于T细胞表位的HBV DNA疫苗及结核杆菌热休克蛋白70的佐剂功能的研究

【作者】 李向明

【导师】 刘兢;

【作者基本信息】 中国科学技术大学 , 生物化学与分子生物学, 2006, 博士

【摘要】 尽管预防性亚单位重组乙肝疫苗和一些治疗性药物在临床上已经广泛的应用,乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)感染目前仍然是严重一个威胁人类健康的尚未攻克的疾病。由于DNA疫苗具有诱导体液免疫和细胞免疫的独特的能力,因此为预防和治疗HBV感染提供了一个新的发展方向。 近年来进行的Ⅰ期临床实验结果证明HBV DNA疫苗可以在健康人群中诱导保护性反应:在慢性HBV感染人群中可以诱导特异性的T细胞反应和清除HBVDNA。然而,这些临床实验中使用的HBV DNA疫苗只编码单一的抗原蛋白——S抗原或PreS2/S抗原。而且由于DNA疫苗独特的抗原表达和递呈途径,它的免疫原性仍然需要进一步的改进。因此,我们根据HBV表面抗原(HBsAg)上的T细胞表位,设计了一个包含多个细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)表位和辅助性T细胞(Th)表位的多表位DNA疫苗,并研究了它的功能,同时研究了结核杆菌热休克蛋白(Heat Shock Protein,HSP)HSP70的分子佐剂功能。 结果表明,在H-2d和H-2b小鼠模型中,多表位HBV DNA疫苗诱导了一个比单一抗原基因的HBsAg DNA疫苗更强的HBsAg特异性CTL反应。然而,在H-2d小鼠模型中,Dd-限制性表位的CTL反应明显弱于Ld-限制性表位的CTL反应。HSP70作为分子佐剂可以明显改善多表位DNA疫苗的有效性。当HSP70融合多表位抗原时,不仅HBsAg抗原特异性的CTL反应被增强了,而且各个表位特异性(Ld、Kd和Kb)的CTL反应也明显的增强了。在HBV转基因小鼠模型中,多表位DNA疫苗免疫可以明显的清除血液中的HBsAg,并显著下调了HBV DNA的水平。因此,我们的研究表明基于T细胞表位的多表位DNA疫苗在治疗慢性HBV感染方面是一个可以考虑的方案。 以往的研究表明,尽管HSP70可以改善DNA疫苗的有效性,但是由于HSP70是一个高度进化保守的分子,因此有引起自身免疫反应的可能性。在这个研究中,我们选择了两个截短的HSP70分子——N′-端的HSP701-360和C′-端HSP70359-610,研究它们对于HBV DNA疫苗引起的抗原特异性的免疫反应的调节作用。实验结果表明,只有HSP70359-610融合的HBV DNA疫苗诱导了一个增强的HBsAg特异性的抗体反应,同时,这个融合疫苗并没有诱导HSP70的抗体反应。有趣的是,HSP70359-610不仅仅调节了HBsAg特异性的CTL反应,还在H-2d小鼠模型中,明显增强了Ld-限制性表位的CTL反应和Dd-限制性表位的CTL反应。同时,HSP70359-610融合DNA疫苗免疫调节Th反应平衡偏向于Th1方向。在转基因小鼠模型中,HSP70359-610促进了HBV DNA免疫引起的HBsAg清除和HBV DNA下调。我们的研究结果表明,在HBV DNA疫苗设计中,截短的结核杆菌热休克蛋白HSP70分子——HSP70359-610,可以替代完整的HSP70分子作为分子佐剂。

【Abstract】 DNA vaccination represents a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Recently, HBV DNA vaccines have been used in some clinical trials and exhibited exciting results. But these vaccines only encoded a single viral antigen, the S or the PreS2/S antigen. In this study, we designed a polytope DNA vaccine encoding multiple T cell epitopes. We found that this polytope DNA vaccine could induce much stronger CTL responses than the vaccine encoding the single antigen, although the CTL response to Ld-restricted epitope suppressed the CTL responses to other epitopes in H-2d restricted mice. Interestingly, heat shock protein70 (Hsp70) as an adjuvant not only enhanced CTL response to the viral antigen, but also overcame the suppression of this epitope. Furthermore, the polytope DNA vaccine resulted a long-term clearance of HBsAg and inhibition of HBV DNA replication in a HBV transgenic mouse model. Therefore, our research indicates that it is practicable and feasible to design a polytope DNA vaccine for chronic hepatitis B immunotherapy.DNA vaccine represents an attractive approach to therapy of chronic HBV infection because of its ability to generate antigen-specific immunity; nevertheless, there is still a need to increase the potency of DNA vaccine. Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein70 (HSP70) has both chaperon and cytokine functions, and has been shown to act as an adjuvant when co-administered with peptide antigens or given as fusion proteins. Here we evaluated the effects of two truncated HSP70 molecules, N-terminal domain (HSP701-360, amino acids 1-360) and C-terminal domain (HSP70359-610, amino acids 359-610) of mycobacterial HSP70, on the potency of antigen-specific immunity generated by a HBV DNA vaccination. We found that only the HSP70359-610-fused HBV DNA vaccination resulted in a significant increase in HBsAg-specific humoral response, while the HSP701-360- or the complete HSP70 molecule-fused vaccine did not. Moreover, HSP70359-610-fused DNA vaccine did not induce anti-HSP70 antibody. Interestingly, HSP70359-610 not only enhanced HBsAg-specific CTL responses but also overcame the epitope suppression caused by Ld-restricted epitope. Meanwhile, HSP70369-610 mediated T helper cell balance towards Th1 pathway. In a HBV transgenic mouse model, the HSP70359-610 fusion vaccine facilitated clearance of circulating HBsAg and down-regulation of HBV replication. These results suggested that the truncated mycobacterial HSP70 molecule, HSP70359-610, might be a superior candidate to deliver the adjuvant function in HBV DNA vaccination instead of the complete HSP70 molecule.

节点文献中: 

本文链接的文献网络图示:

本文的引文网络