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基于供应链的供货方管理库存系统(VMI)研究

【作者】 浦徐进

【导师】 梁樑;

【作者基本信息】 中国科学技术大学 , 管理科学与工程, 2006, 博士

【摘要】 全球制造和经济一体化促使了企业间竞争的不断加剧,并逐渐由同行业单个企业间的竞争演变为由一系列上下游合作伙伴企业构成的供应链之间的竞争。众所周知,库存管理在企业经营管理中处于重要地位,供应链作为一种“扩展型”企业,库存管理在其运作中更为重要,原因是库存不仅影响着某一节点企业的成本,而且也制约着供应链的综合成本、整体性能和竞争优势。因此,这种演变使得企业不能以各自为政、局部最优的思想指导其库存管理,而应该更多地从供应链企业伙伴关系的角度考虑其库存管理战略,从而推动供应链库存管理思想和方法的进化,最终提高库存管理的效益。 通常来说,库存都是由库存拥有者管理的。但是因为无法确切知道客户需求与供应的匹配状态,供应链上的每个成员根据各自的需要独立运作,导致建立重复库存,因而无法达到供应链全局的最低成本,整个供应链系统的库存会随着供应链长度的增加而发生需求扭曲。 理想的供应链库存管理是一种基于合作伙伴关系基础上的,强调信息共享、利益共享、风险分担的库存管理模式。合作伙伴关系把库存管理提升到整个供应链的层次,库存管理不再单是供应商、生产商个人的管理活动,而是合作伙伴共同参与库存的管理活动,他们对共同参与库存管理活动提出了实施的目标构架。供货方管理库存(VMI)系统就能够突破传统的条块分割的库存管理模式,以系统的、集成的管理思想进行库存管理,使供应链系统能够获得同步化的运作。但是,目前对VMI系统的研究是不充分的,VMI系统在实际的应用中还存在许多问题,因此对VMI系统进行进一步的研究是完全必要的。 VMI系统是一种在客户和供应商之间的合作性策略,以对双方来说都是最低的成本优化产品的可获性,在一个相互同意的目标框架下由供应商管理库存,这样的目标框架被经常性监督和修正,以产生一种连续改进的环境。本文的研究目的就是对这种合作性策略进行更加深入的研究,具体的研究内容如下: 1、总结了VMI系统成功运行所需的条件。本文主要认为VMI系统作为一种有效的补货机制,虽然能对零售渠道的需求信息做出积极正确的反应,能提高供应链整体的运作效率的,但是,VMI系统的运作是一个复杂的过程,在这个过程中,许多因素将影响它的成功运作。我们主要从以下四个方面对VMI系统成功运

【Abstract】 Global manufacturing and economic integration make competition more drastic between companies. The competition between companies gradually changing to the competition between supply chains. As is known to us all, inventory management has a important role in company management. Inventory management has a more important role in supply chain management which acts as a patulous company, because inventory management not only affects the cost of member company in the supply chain but also restricts the integrated cost, whole performance and competitive advantage.So this change makes companies not manage inventories from the local point, but manage inventories in the supply chain as a integeration. This way to manage inventories can force the ideology of inventories management in supply chains evolution and improve benefit of inventories management in supply chains.In a general way, inventories are managed by the inventory owner. But, every member in the supply chain independently operate according to its own need, because they cannot know the client need and matching state. This will lead to reduplicate inventories , so that the whole supply chain cannot get the lowest cost and the inventories in the whole supply chain will become contorted along with the supply chain length.The ideal mode of inventories management in supply chains is a inventories management mode which emphasizes information sharing, benefit sharing and risk sharing mode.The coordination relationship can makes inventories management upgrade to supply chain management. The inventories management is not the action of the single company, but is the action between the coordination members. They bring forward coopration frame of inventories management. VMI system can break through conventional inventory management mode.It will use systemic and compositive means to manage inventories, so that the supply chain can operate synchronously. But,

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