【作者】 甘义群；

【导师】 王焰新；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学 ， 环境工程， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 城市污水污泥是污水处理过程中必不可少的副产品。污水处理量的急剧增大和相关处理技术的深化发展，导致了城市污泥在排放量大幅增加的同时，浓缩在其中的有毒有害物质数量和种类也逐渐增多，所以无论是量还是质，城市污泥都将成为废物中影响环境、造成危害最为严重的因素之一。如何妥善、科学地处理城市污泥已成为一项迫在眉睫的环保课题，并在全球范围内引起了极大地关注!环境标准的日益严格使得常规污泥处理方法（如土地填埋、海洋倾倒和焚烧等）在污染控制方面面临挑战，而且难以为继。污染控制与资源化利用有机结合是当今固体废物处理领域的大势所趋；在有效控制污染的同时，积极探索新的资源化利用方法已成为污泥处理的研究热点。 目前我国的污泥处理形势十分严峻，多数情况下仅实现了污泥的转移，而未能将污染成分无害化，资源化利用率更是亟待提高。引进国外的技术和相关设备不仅昂贵的投资费用难以接受，而且由于污泥成分的差别往往很难达到预期效果。为了加快我国污泥处理工艺的更新换代，以满足对环境保护的迫切要求，结合具体国情、依靠自身力量对城市污泥的处理、处置及资源化利用开展基础研究是十分必要的。 在上述背景下，论文基于前人的研究成果，把握国际社会在城市污水污泥处理、处置领域的最新动态和发展方向，从科学性和实用性角度出发，以武汉市水质净化厂的城市污水污泥为研究对象，按照“无害化、减量化、资源化”的原则，针对污泥的自身特性、污染危害和利用途径，从处理模式上进行了新的探索，研究了污泥的热解技术和高附加值材料化利用途径，同时考察了资源化利用过程对污泥中主要污染物——重金属的固化效果，可为今后的产业化应用与污染控制技术提供必要的理论基础和可靠的科学依据，具有重要的环境效益、经济效益、社会效益和一定的学术意义。 论文在全面、系统分析城市污泥基础性能的前提下，抓住“污泥中有机成分热处理以达到减量化和无害化，同时对污泥中无机成分高附加值材料化利用”这条主线，对国内外相关文献进行了较为详细和系统的综述，并开展了四个方面的研究：城市污泥热解特性及热解批量试验；考察污泥灰去除废水中Cu²⁺的效果；污泥灰与煤矸石混合制备瓷质砖研究；污泥灰微晶玻璃制备技术及重金属固化效果研究。 1．城市污泥热解技术试验研究 为了研究城市污泥的热解特性，分析其热解动力学过程，论文首先在差热分析仪上开展了干污泥的热失重研究，结合获得的污泥热解TG、DTG和DTA曲线，可将热解过程分为水分析出、挥发分析出和焦炭燃尽三个阶段，此三个阶段所对应的反应贯穿污泥热解的始终。随着升温速率的增加，热滞后现象明显，各阶段的起始、终止温度和最大反应速率更多还原

【Abstract】 Sewage sludge is the inevitable by-product of municipal sewage treatment. The quantity of sewage sludge is being generated in an ever increasing amount due to rapid urbanization and higher effluent criteria implemented in recent decades, and at the same time, most of the pollutants removed in sewage decontamination processes are contained in the sewage sludge, which, therefore, becomes highly concentrated in contaminants. Without proper treatment and disposal, sewage sludge will cause a secondary pollution and health problem. In recent years, the issues about treatment and disposal of sewage sludge have received greater concerns by the public. According to the more and more strict legislation on the waste discharge to environment, the traditional methods, such as sludge landfill, ocean dumping, cropland application and incineration have been faced with tremendous environmental challenge. It is a tendency to combine contamination control and utilization in the disposal of solid waste; and new approaches of utilizing sewage sludge becomes research hotspots with the effect of contamination control.Sewage sludge disposal is urgently needed in China. Most of produced sewage sludge were ex-situ disposed and did not become non-hazardous to the environment. The ratio of sewage sludge utilization is still quite low. The high cost of disposal has restricted the application of advanced technology and equipment, and it is generally difficult to get anticipated effect because of the difference in sewage sludge. In order to renew the treatment process and meet strict environmental regulations, it is necessary to develop relevant basic research of sewage sludge treatment technique.Based on the research results in the past, holding the current trend of sewage sludge treatment in the world, taking the sewage sludge produced by Wuhan city Wastewater treatment plant for the research object, following the principle of innocuity, minimization and utilization, this paper studied the pyrolysis characteristics and new approaches of sewage sludge utilization, investigated the solidifying effectiveness of heavy metals during the utilization process. This research work has important environmental, economic and social benefit and important scientific implications, providing theoretical basis for pollution control and large scale utilization of sewage sludge in the future.The objective of this work was to minimize and decontaminate the pollution of sewage sludge by heat treatment of the organic components, and to utilize the inorganic components.更多还原