【作者】 陈伟；

【导师】 彭振斌； 唐孟雄；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 地质工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 随着经济的发展和城市化水平的提高，城市发展与土地资源短缺的矛盾日益突出，开发利用地下空间是城市化可持续发展的必经之路。我国城市地下空间开发目前尚处于初步阶段，城市地下空间开发的工程实践超前于理论研究。由于地下土层的复杂性和城市地下空间支护型式的多样性，地下空间开挖对环境的影响以及支护结构受力变形特性等对环境影响的主要控制因素在理论上还有待进一步研究。本文结合广州市近十几年来在城市地下空间开挖工程实践，探讨了城市地下空间开挖对环境的影响因素，并以丰富的现场试验研究成果，系统地阐述和论证了城市地下空间开发利用过程中不同支护型式的受力变形机理和不同工况下周围环境的变形规律，可以有效地指导今后不断开展的城市地下空间开挖实践。 全文主要内容共分两大部分： 第一部分：基坑工程实践及试验研究 1、本章首先介绍了基坑工程监测技术及其进展，然后通过对几十项基坑工程监测成果的总结分析，分别得出了采用地下连续墙+混凝土内支撑、地下连续墙(挡土桩)+(半)逆作法、挡土桩+锚杆支护、挡土桩+钢管内支撑以及喷锚支护这五种典型的基坑支护型式的基坑工程的围护结构变形规律、内支撑轴力或锚杆锚固力和土钉内力变化规律以及周围建(构)筑物变形规律，并对基坑开挖引起的地表沉降分别按三角形模式和凹槽形模式进行了数值分析，分别提出了沉降计算实用经验公式，可以指导今后城市地下空间基坑开挖工程实践，尽量减少和有效控制基坑开挖对环境的影响；另外，通过对大量现场实测研究成果的总结分析，提出了基坑工程变形报警标准，这一成果被广东省标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》和广州市标准《广州地区建筑基坑支护技术规定》采用，己在广东省推广应用。 2、针对基坑工程中最棘手的土压力问题展开试验研究与讨论。结合两个桩锚支护及桩撑支护的基坑在不同工况下的土压力及桩内力、锚杆锚固力和支撑轴力等现场监测成果，系统地讨论并解决了土压力与位移、时间的关系问题以及土压力计算、水压力机理等一系列工程实际问题。提出了实用的经验土压力计算方法，指出被动更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of economy and improvement of urbanization level, the contradiction between the development of urbanization and the absence of land resources is even stand out, so it is inevitable to utilize the urban underground space for the sustainable development of city. As utilization of urban underground space is still in the initial phase at present, the practice of utilization of urban underground space is more advanced than the theory research. Because of complexity of underground soil and diversity of retaining model of utilization of urban underground space, the main control factor of environment in the influence of underground excavation and main control of the deformation feature of retaining structure in the influence of underground excavation are still to be further research. In this paper, the urban underground space excavation engineering of GuangZhou City is introduced, in order to discuss the environment influence of underground excavation. At the same time, according to lots of research results of field measurement, the force-deformation mechanism of different retaining model and the regulation of environment influence under different working condition during excavation and utilization of urban underground space are discussed in detail. And these results in this paper can help the development of urban underground space excavation.The paper comprises mainly two parts:The first part: the study on practice and testing of excavation engineering.1. Firstly, the paper introduces the monitoring technology and progress of excavation engineering. Then, through the summary of tens of monitoring achievement of excavation engineering, the author obtains the deformation regulation of the five types of typical excavation engineering bracing construction. The axial force of inside bracing regulation or anchoring force of anchor, internal force of soil nailing and surrounding construction deformation regulation of them are also achieved. The five types of typical excavation engineering bracing construction are separately更多还原