【作者】 孙宝林；

【导师】 李腊元；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 无线移动Ad Hoc网络(Mobile Ad Hoc Network，MANET)是指一组带有无线收发装置的移动节点组成的一种多跳的、临时性的自治系统。整个网络没有固定的基础设施，也没有固定的路由器，所有节点都是移动的、动态变化的，并且都可以以任何方式动态地保持与其他节点的联系。无线移动Ad Hoc网络可以广泛应用于军事领域、自然灾害应急处理、科学考察、探险、交互式演讲、共享信息的商业会议、紧急通信等领域。在这种环境中，每一个节点都具有终端和路由的功能，它们要完成发现和维护到其他节点路由的功能，因此，路由就成为Ad Hoc网络中从一个节点传输数据到另一个节点的核心问题。 多播(Multicast)指的是同时把数据分组发送给网络中的一组主机。多播通信对于网络有许多优点，多播减少从一个源节点或多个源节点发送相同的信息到多个目的节点的通信代价。多播能节省网络的传输带宽、路由的处理时间和传输时延。 在动态的、移动的Ad Hoc网络中支持QoS(Quality of Service)路由是非常困难的。提供QoS保证的实时应用是一个重要的研究领域。QoS支持的实时应用依赖于资源的分配，网络提供特定QoS的需求能力决定于如何分配资源。此外，在动态的、分布式管理的和多跳的网络中提供可靠的、高速的端到端通信也是一个重要的研究领域。 近年来，国内外学者在QoS路由方面做了大量的研究，但仍然存在许多尚未解决的问题，特别在Ad Hoc网络上支持QoS路由技术的研究尚处于初期阶段。本文在总结前人研究工作的基础上，对Ad Hoc网络QoS路由技术、多播路由技术等进行了系统而深入的研究。着重研究了Ad Hoc网络的体系结构、Ad Hoc网络的路由协议、Ad Hoc网络的QoS保障问题、Ad Hoc网络可靠多播路由协议、Ad Hoc网络路由的优化算法和Ad Hoc网络的QoS多播路由协议。分析和讨论了Ad Hoc网络路由技术中的若干关键问题、应用及研究展望。 本文就以下几个方面进行了创新性的研究工作。 1) Ad Hoc网络可靠多播路由的协议 在移动Ad Hoc网络环境中，分组的重传和路由的重构比有线网络更加频繁。在网络多播树变化的情况下提供高的分组传输率是移动Ad Hoc网络多播路由的更多还原

【Abstract】 A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. There is no static infrastructure such as base station as that was in cell mobile communication. In Ad Hoc network, if two nodes are not within radio range, all message communication between them must pass through one or more intermediate nodes. All the nodes are free to move around randomly, thus changing the network topology dynamically. These types of networks have many advantages, such as self-reconfiguration and adaptability to highly variable mobile characteristics like the transmission conditions, propagation channel distribution characteristics and power level. They are useful in such as situations military applications, natural calamities, scientific investigation, exploraties, interactive lectures, commercial meetings of shared information, and urgent communication. However, such benefits come with new challenges which mainly resides in the unpredictability of the network topology due to mobility of nodes and the limited available bandwidth due to the wireless channel. These characteristics demand an improvement in the designing and operating of this type of networks. For such networks, an effective routing protocol is essential for adapting to node mobility as well as possible channel error to provide a feasible path for data transmission.The use of multicasting with the network has many advantages. Multicasting reduces the communication cost for the sending of the same data to many recipients. Instead of sending via multiple unicast, multicast reduces the channel bandwidth, time of processing and delivery delay. In addition, multicast gives robust communication whereby the receiver address is unknown or modifiable without the knowledge of the source within the wireless environment.The Quality of Service (QoS) routing in Ad Hoc network is complicated due to the constant change of the network topology. QoS support for multimedia applications is closely related to resource allocation, the objective of which is to decide how to reserve resources so that QoS requirements of all the applications can be satisfied. However, it is a significant technical challenge to provide reliable high-speed end-to-end communications in these networks, due to their dynamic topology, distributed management as well as, and multihop connections.更多还原