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慢病毒介导的鸟氨酸脱羧酶基因沉默抑制结直肠癌细胞生长的体外和体内研究
Lentiviral Vector-mediated Down-regulation of Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibit Tumor Cell Growth in Vitro and in Vivo
【作者】 迟伟玲;
【导师】 刘贤锡;
【作者基本信息】 山东大学 , 生物化学与分子生物学, 2006, 博士
【摘要】 鸟氨酸脱羧酶(ODC)是多胺生物合成途径中的第一个限速酶,它催化鸟氨酸转变为腐胺。腐胺、精脒和精胺统称多胺,是细胞内主要的阳离子,一直以来,人们认为多胺与正常及异常增生细胞的快速增殖有关。ODC活性的增高是细胞增殖过程中的早期生化事件之一。DL-α-二氟甲基鸟氨酸(DFMO)是ODC的特异性抑制物,它不可逆地去除多胺,能够在许多组织减弱增生反应。所以我们假设ODC的下调可以抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖。 ODC活性增高与细胞的转化、肿瘤的侵袭及血管生成也有关系。它的过量表达或异常是肿瘤发生过程中最重要的因素之一。尤其是在结直肠癌,ODC和多胺的含量都明显增加。最近的研究表明,ODC表达的改变使多胺合成增加,细胞内的多胺含量升高,这在结直肠癌的发生中起决定作用,而不仅仅是辅助作用。另外,多胺类似物和抑制物的抗肿瘤作用的研究均取得很有说服力的结果。DFMO对于结直肠癌高风险人群的预防取得了一定的成功。 结直肠癌的全世界发病率居第四位,即使能够早期诊断和化学预防,每年仍有500000人死于此病。据统计,结直肠癌80%—90%为分化型腺癌,增殖缓慢,对化疗具有较强的抵抗力,化疗的有效率在20%—30%之间。大肠癌的根治性治疗方法迄今仍以外科手术为主。 基因治疗为结直肠癌的防治开辟了新途径,在哺乳动物,双链RNA能够引发特异性基因沉默的发现使RNA干扰(RNAi)成为普遍机制。应用这一有力工具,可以特异性地抑制基因表达,使特定的基因沉默。近几年,以RNAi
【Abstract】 Polyamines are present in all living cells, prokaryotes, eukaryotes, plants and animals. In mammalian cells, the natural polyamines—putrescine, spermidine and spermine —are found in millimolar concentrations. A large body of data indicates that polyamine pathway can be a molecular target for therapeutic intervention in several type cancers. Inhibitors of biosynthesis, polyamine analogues as well as oligonucleotide, polyamine analogue combinations are promising drug candidates for chemoprevention and/or treatment of cancer.Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is the first enzyme in the polyamine synthesis pathway. A possible role for ODC in tumor cell growth has been suggested by a series of studies and the overexpression of ODC in NIH 3T3 cells caused transformation of these cells to a malignant phenotype, in essence qualifying ODC as an oncogene. An increase in ODC activity is one of the earliest biochemical events associated with the induction of cellular proliferation, and depletion of polyamines by DL - a -difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a specific and irreversible inhibitor of ODC, attenuates tropic responses in a number of tissues. We hypothesized that downregulation of ODC may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells.Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common form of cancer in the world. In spite of improvements in detection and chemotherapy, there are still
【Key words】 Ornithine decarboxylase; lentiviral vector; RNA interference; gene silencing; colorectal tumor;