【作者】 喻海飞；

【导师】 汪定伟；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 系统工程， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 人工生命是一门新兴学科，在信息科学和生命科学的研究领域中显示了巨大的生命力。该领域的研究对探索自然生物的计算原理、构造新型算法具有极其重要的理论价值和应用价值。本文围绕人工生命、人工生命计算、食物链算法及其在供应链管理中的应用等方面进行了理论研究。具体研究内容包括： (1) 人工生命综述研究：本文详细综述了人工生命的产生和发展，回顾了有关人工生命科学的重要国际会议，着重介绍了人工生命研究的思想以及人工生命研究的框架，并阐述了人工生命的应用发展情况，特别是在智能优化计算与仿真领域的重要应用。最后部分介绍国际上人工生命软件平台，包括人工生命环境，基于多智能体的Swarm仿真平台以及Avida软件。 (2) 人工生命计算研究：本文从人工生命的角度定义了人工生命计算的概念；概述了人工生命计算的理论基础包括遗传算法、人工神经网络、自增殖单元自动机理论、L-系统、智能体和多智能体系统和计算生态学等进行；同时对两种典型的人工生命计算方法进行了初步的研究。本文认为，人工生命计算是一种以人工生命为形式、研究人工生命信息表达和处理机制，提取相应的计算模型，嵌入相应的计算方法模拟自然界生物进化过程与信息处理机制来求解与优化问题的智能计算方法。人工生命计算具有非常显著特点和优点，在科学和工程的诸多实际应用领域具有广泛的应用前景。 (3) 食物链与食物链算法研究：本文研究了生态系统一些重要现象，特别是生态系统中的食物链现象、动物捕食策略、集群行为与群集智能和动物的领域行为等对人工生命研究的重要启示。提出了一种改进的人工生命算法——食物链算法，详细说明了基于人工生命的食物链算法的定义、思想、流程和人工生命规则；然后本文采用标准测试函数对算法进行了系统测试，比较食物链算法与基于实数编码的遗传算法；讨论了一类特殊形式的食物链算法——基于共生关系的人工生更多还原

【Abstract】 Artificial life as a new developing discipline, it shows enormous vitality in the research of information sciences and life sciences. The research of artificial life will be most contributive to exploring the principle of computation and constructing new-type algorithms. The research ranges of the paper cover artificial life, artificial-life computation, food-chain algorithm, and its application to supply-chain management. The major works are given as follows:(1) Survey of artificial life. Firstly the paper surveys the birth and development of artificial life in detail, and reviews the important international conferences about artificial life, and emphatically introduces the important ideas of artificial life and the theoretical frame of artificial life. Secondly the paper explains the development and application of artificial life, especially in the intelligent optimization algorithms and the emulation fields. In the end, the paper introduces software platforms of the artificial life in the world such as Artificial-Life Environment, multi-agent based Swarm, and Avida.(2) Research of artificial-life computation. The paper studies of the definition of the artificial-life computation, and sums up the theoretical foundations of artificial-life computation including in genetic algorithm, artificial neural network, cellular automata, Lindenmayer system, agent and multi-agent system, and computation ecology. Then the paper preliminarily studies on two kinds of the artificial life algorithm. Artificial-life computation is a new kind of the intelligent optimization algorithms, which uses the forms of Artificial life to study the mechanisms of information expressing and treating of Artificial life, and abstract the corresponding computation models for solving and optimizing the mathematical problems by embedding some kinds of computation technology, and imitating the evolution processes of the natural creatures. Artificial-life computations have the extensive application prospects in the scientific computations and a great deal of the real project applications.(3) Research of the food chain and the food-chain algorithms. The paper studies some important phenomena of ecosystem and focusing in analyzing the food chain, the predator search strategy, the swarm behaviors and swarm intelligences, and the animal domain behaviors, which will enlighten on the research of artificial life. The paper proposes an new kind of improved artificial-life algorithm— food-chain algorithm, and更多还原