【作者】 孙向东；

【导师】 孙旭东；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 材料学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 本文就MC尼龙研究和生产中存在的基本问题进行了系统和深入的研究。合成了MC尼龙和改性MC尼龙，并通过多种研究手段对它们的结构和性能进行了表征，它们的聚合-结晶，结构-性能关系得到了充分的讨论。 用CH₃ONa取代传统的NaOH催化己内酰胺（CL）聚合合成MC尼龙。，催化剂CH₃ONa主要影响CL的聚合反应速度，而活化剂则控制了转化率。为保证MC尼龙有良好的综合性能，催化剂用量必须控制在一定的范围内，减少活化剂用量是提高MC尼龙抗冲击强度的有效途径。 介绍了异辛酸稀土改性剂的制备方法，研究了异辛酸稀土改性MC尼龙的力学性能和热性能。结果表明：异辛酸稀土的加入，可使MC尼龙的拉伸强度、冲击强度、硬度等力学性能得以提高，并能提高制品的热稳定性。 对磨碎玻璃纤维填充MC尼龙进行了系列研究。结果表明，磨碎玻璃纤维改性MC尼龙复合材料物理性能和力学性能优良，当磨碎玻璃纤维加入10％时，制品的收缩率下降，热变形温度提高20℃，制品具有填料分布均匀、外观光泽优良等优点；制品的拉伸强度比基体提高26％，弯曲强度提高13％，压缩强度提高了36％。 考察了超细滑石粉的加入对MC尼龙复合材料的力学性能、填料分布以及增韧剂对超细滑石粉增强MC尼龙复合材料韧性的影响。结果表明，滑石粉与MC尼龙复合，显著的改善了制品的收缩率、吸水率，热变形温度提高24℃。制品具有填料分布均匀、外观光泽优良等优点。同时，加入滑石粉，还可以降低MC尼龙制品的成本，而且还能够适应MC尼龙成型工艺。实验中使用的硅烷偶联剂，可以增加滑石粉与MC尼龙基体的相容性，从而提高了复合材料的力学性能。 对空心玻璃微珠填充MC尼龙进行了系列研究。研究结果表明：空心玻璃微珠改性MC尼龙复合材料物理性能和力学性能优良，当空心玻璃微珠加入10％时，制品的收缩率下降，热变形温度提高20℃，制品具有填料分布均匀、外观光泽优良等优点。与末活化的玻璃微珠相比，填充活化玻璃微珠的复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、断裂伸长率分别提高了约15.7％、12.2％，和246％。空心微珠的粒径愈细，复合材料的力学性能愈好。 对陶瓷微珠填充MC尼龙进行了系列研究。结果表明，陶瓷微珠改性MC尼龙复合材料物理性能和力学性能优良，当陶瓷微珠加入10％时，制品的收缩率下降，热变形温度提高20℃，制品具有填料分布均匀、外观光泽优良等优点；弯曲强度、弯曲模量、冲击强度和拉伸强度都有所提高，其中弯曲强度提高15％以上，冲击强度也提高了7％以更多还原

【Abstract】 In this dissertation, some fundamental problems on monomer casting nylon have been comprehensively studied. Fabrication of MC nylons and modified MC nylons, characterization of their structure and properties, and their polymerization-crystallization and structure-property relationships have been investigated.The MC nylon was synthesized using CH₃ONa as the initiator instead of the traditional NaOH. The results show that the initiator CH₃ONa affects greatly the polymerization rate of caprolactam （CL）, and the activator controls the conversion rate of CL. In order to obtain MC nylon with excellent comprehensive properties, the amount of catalysts must be limited within the fixed range. Reduction of the amount of activator is an effective way to increase the impact toughness of MC nylon.Synthetic method of isooctoate rare earth was presented. Mechanical and thermal properties of the MC nylon modified with isooctoate rare-earth have been studied. The results show that the addition of isooctoate rare-earth increases tensile strength, impact toughness, hardness, and thermal stability of the MC nylon.The milled glass fibre was used as stuffing in the MC nylon. The results show that physical and mechanical properties of the MC nylon can be improved effectively by using the milled glass fibre as stuffing in the MC nylon. When the MC nylon is reinforced with 10mass% milled glass fibre, shrinkage of the products is reduced, and heat distortion temperature is 20 ℃ higher. The filler distributes uniformly and the composite products exhibit excellent surface brightness. Tensile strength, flexure strength and compressive strength of the composite are 26%, 13% and 36% higher than the MC nylon, respectively.Effect of the addition of ultrafine talc power on mechanical properties and filler distribution and the toughening agent on toughness of the composite has been studied. The results show that the incorporation of talc power into MC Nylon improves dimensional stability and water absorption property, and increases the heat distortion temperature by 20 ℃. The filler distributes uniformly in the composite and the products exhibit excellent surface brightness. At the same time, the addition of ultrafine talc power can reduce product cost and is suitable to the forming process of the MC nylon. The use of the silane coupling agent improves the compatibility between the filler and the resin, improving mechanical properties of the composites.The use of cenosphere as stuffing in the MC nylon has been investigated. The results更多还原