【作者】 赵福君；

【导师】 巴恒静；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 结构工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 为有效避免由于静电引起的火灾爆炸事故,在石油储油设施中应用安全防护涂层是十分必要的。导电涂料是近20年来迅速发展起来的一种功能性涂料,用于储油设施,作为安全防护涂层,可避免由于静电引起的火灾爆炸事故。本文制备的大型储油设施安全防护涂层是以大型储备油罐为主要使用目标,以E20和E44环氧树脂作为涂层主要成膜材料,以碳纳米管作为涂层主要导电功能体而制成的。这种新型的导电涂层解决了以往导电涂层抗静电性能不够持久、耐水性不好、普遍色黑、不利于施工应用以及抗静电性能与耐油防腐性能难以兼顾的技术难题。通过分析涂料各组成成分的作用机理,制备了以改性环氧树脂/聚酰胺为成膜树脂,以碳纳米管与复合导电云母粉作为导电填料的大型储备油罐用导电涂料。研究了导电涂层固化行为与玻璃化温度、附着力、冲击强度和剥离强度之间的关系,确立了导电涂料的最佳固化条件。研究了碳纳米管的新型表面处理方法,首次将碳纳米管纯化、碱处理、偶联剂表面改性、超声波分散联用于碳纳米管处理过程。实验验证运用这种处理方法不仅可以保证碳纳米管比较均匀地分散在涂层中,而且还使碳纳米管表面具有更多的极性基团,有利于导电防腐涂层性能的综合改善提高。研究了碳纳米管含量对导电涂层的力学性能、耐湿热老化性能、导电性能、耐介质性能、耐热性能、耐油老化性能的影响及其作用原理。针对碳纳米管改性环氧树脂导电涂层在大型储备油罐中的特定用途,本文对碳纳米管改性环氧树脂导电涂层的耐油老化性能开展了专项研究,研究了被涂覆材料表面不同处理方法对涂层耐油老化性能的影响,研究了不同固化条件对涂层耐油老化性能的影响。系统研究了不同温度条件下的耐油老化对碳纳米管改性环氧树脂导电涂层玻璃化温度、剥离强度、导电性能、结构变化行为、表面微观形貌和元素组成的影响,并首次揭示了以上变化存在着明显的时温等效性规律。通过对碳纳米管改性环氧树脂导电涂层耐油老化行为的研究,提出了采用EDX方法计算扩散系数和扩散动力学的新方法。计算了不同温度下油料在涂层中的扩散系数和扩散动力学,比较了不同表面处理方法以及不同计算方法所计算的油料在涂层中的扩散系数和扩散动力学,验证了新方法的有效更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to prevent the fire and explosion hazard caused by electrostatic charge effectively, applying shield coating is very important on the petroleum storage facilities. Conducting electrostatic coating, a new kind of functional coating, has been rapidly developed in the past two decades. It is mainly used in the petroleum storage facilities and can prevent the fire hazard and explosion caused by electrostatic charge. The fabrication of shield coating used on large storage facilities in this paper is mainly applied to the petroleum storage tanks. In the preparation of conducting electrostatic coating, E20 and E44 exposy are used as film forming material and carbon nano tubes is mixed into as conducting functional component. This new coating can better resolve the commonly existed problems of the original conducting electrical coating such as less endurance performance of conducting electrostatic, shortage of resistance to water, colour- blackened, being inconvenient to constructions and less matching the performance needs of antistatic charge and oil resistance and anticorrosion.Firstly, this paper dealt with the preparations of conducting electrostatic coating, which was used on large petroleum storage tanks, by using the modified epoxy and polyamide resin as the film forming resin and the carbon nano tubes and mica as conducting carrier, through an analysis of its composition and its mechanism of action. A comprehensive research was conducting on the relations among its solidified behavior, vitrification point, adhesive power, impact strength and peel strength. The best solidification conditions of conducting electrostatic coating was established..Secondly, the surface-treating method of the carbon nano tubes was investigated, which was first time to process the surface of carbon nano tubes using the techniques such as purification, alkaline treatment, modification of coupling agent and ultrasonic dispersion. The results exhibit that this method not only guarantees the uniform dispersion of carbon nano tubes in coating but also increases polarized molecular group on the surface of carbon nano tubes. It is helpful to roundly improve the performance of coating. The effects of dosage of更多还原