【作者】 杨林；

【导师】 杨莘元；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 在阵列设计阶段，其任务集中在考虑前述众多影响因素下，优化阵列口径激励，使其满足工程给定的副瓣要求及其他要求，也就是常说的方向图综合问题。阵列天线综合是指按规定的方向图要求，用一种或多种方法来进行天线系统的设计，使该系统产生的方向图与所要求的方向图良好逼近。它实际上是天线分析的反设计，即在给定方向图要求的条件下设计辐射源分布，要求的方向图随应用的不同而多种变化。 本文重要从自适应算法、遗传算法、旁瓣峰值控制算法、零陷控制算法四个方面对方向图设计进行了较为详尽的研究。以均匀线阵和不等间距线阵为主要研究对象，在理想的条件下，分别对四类算法进行了研究，并得出了相应的结论。 1．自适应算法。自适应天线的原理是使天线方向图在干扰方向上产生零点，如果从某个方向对阵列施加干扰，则通过自适应处理，天线阵列方向图相应方向的电平就会降低。应用这个特性，我们将阵列想象成自适应阵列来应用。在基于最大信噪比准则和最小二乘准则下，分别研究了两种算法，在主、副瓣方向施加干扰，调整阵列方向图，使之满足设计的要求。本文同时改进了一种自适应算法，使之在计算量上更为减少，计算更为简单，同时将阵列互耦因素考虑在内，使之在考虑互耦的情况下也能实现设计要求，大大地扩展了算法的实用性。 2．旁瓣峰值控制算法。研究了针对旁瓣峰值电平进行控制的迭代算法，基于最小均方误差准则下，仅对旁瓣的峰值电平进行控制，针对性更强，改进了一种基于最小二乘理论的算法对阵列天线进行方向图综合，仅对旁瓣峰值和主瓣电平进行处理，可以实现旁瓣和主瓣电平的同时控制，使天线阵方向图向期望方向变化。算法可以对等间距和不等间距天线阵进行综合，计算量也较小，所以具有很强的实用性，仿真结果显示算法很好的完成了设计要求。 3．遗传算法。研究了遗传算法在天线阵方向图中的应用，提出了一种改进的遗传算法对线天线阵进行方向图综合，在进化初期和后期，分别采用不同的选择，变异的计算，从而在解空间的搜索过程中有效的实现了全局搜索，更多还原

【Abstract】 In array design phase, with the mandate focus on the many factors to consider foregoing, the array calibre incentive to meet project to be sidelobes requirements and other requirements, that is often said in the synthesis of pattern . The synthesis of array pattern is by using one or more methods for antenna system design, enabling the system to produce the required pattern, the direction of good and just. It is the analysis of the anti-antenna design that, in a given pattern of array, the conditions for the design of radiation sources distribution for the pattern of the different applications and multiple changes.From this important purpose adaptive algorithms, genetic algorithms, control algorithms of sidelobes peak, null control algorithms for the four areas, the synthesis of array pattern is rather detailed researched here. Front-line and distance ranging from a uniform line array for the main study, in ideal conditions, respectively, conducted a study of four algorithms, and draw the corresponding conclusions.1. Adaptive algorithms. Adaptive antenna theory is that the direction of the antenna in the direction of interference generated zeros, if a direction from the array imposed interference through self addressed, the corresponding direction, the direction of the antenna array would reduce electricity ping. The application features, we will array to imagine a multi array applications. Based on SNR and LS guidelines, the two algorithms were examined in the main, the direction of the Sidelobes imposed interference adjustment array orientation map to meet design requirements. All while improving a multi algorithm, making it more in terms of reduction of more simple, taking into account factors arrays each pair to consider in the context of mutual mate can achieve design requirements, greatly expanded the relevance algorithm.2. Sidelobes peak control algorithms. Studied at the Sidelobes peak electricity Ping control iterative algorithms, based on the minimum criteria are to error, the only side petal peak electricity ping control, targeted to improve a更多还原