【作者】 周茵；

【导师】 李董辉；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 应用数学， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 随着科学技术的快速发展，全球范围内的竞争日趋激烈，企业面临着越来越严峻的生存和发展压力，传统的经营管理模式已经不能满足不断变化的市场要求。尽管供应链管理的概念提出的时间并不长，人们已经逐渐认识到供应链管理是提升企业竞争力的重要手段，是企业适应全球竞争的有效管理模式。因此，供应链管理在企业的生存和发展中的地位也越来越重要，特别是国际上一些知名企业在供应链实践中所取得的成功，引起了国内外学术界和企业界的广泛关注。 本文主要研究关于短生命周期产品的供应链契约中的协调订货问题，在不同情况下提出相应的协调策略，并对协调策略的有效性展开讨论。最后，建立一个带有竞争性的供应链网络平衡问题，并对模型的求解算法进行讨论。本文的主要研究工作如下： 第一，主要针对短生命周期产品，研究由单一制造商、单一分销商和单一产品所组成的供应链中的协调订货决策问题，并且针对实际问题中可能出现的情况提出有效的协调策略。在需求不确定的条件下，我们提出通过季末补货的方式，不仅分销商可以获得更高的利润，而且供应链整体的期望利润也会随之增加。在交货日期不确定的条件下，我们提出一种合理的季末回购价格可以作为实现制造商和分销商之间协调的激励手段，并且使得供应链整体期望利润趋于最优。 第二，考虑到合理的利润分配是实现供应链协调的关键，我们提出一种可以实现系统利润灵活分配的协调机制。在需求和交货日期均不确定的条件下，引入数量弹性的策略，即允许分销商在交货日期推迟的情况下通过减少订货量来降低损失，但同时要对由此给制造商带来的库存积压损失进行一定比例的赔偿。进一步，还在需求预测更新的条件下，提出具有两次订货和两次生产的最优订货策略。分销商除了可以在销售季节到来之前订货，还可以根据更新后的需求信息重新调整订货量，而制造商以两种不同的生产模式进行生产及时满足需求。与已有的研究不同，我们允许分销商灵活地调整订货量，只是，如果调整后的订货量低于最初的订货量，分销商将同样需要对由此给制造商带来的利润损失进行补偿。我们的结论表明制造商以合理的回购价格和产品批发价格来影响分销商的订货决策，不仅可以有效实现系统的协调，而且该协调机制与产品的需求分布无关，最重要的是可以实现系统利润的灵活分配，并且分配结果满足“风险越大，利润越高”的市场法则。 第三，考虑到供应链是由多个独立的决策制定者，如原材料的供应商、制造商、分销商、零售商直到最终顾客所组成的链状或网状结构，对于多个制造商同时生产多种产品，并向多个分销商供货以满足处于多个需求市场的最终顾客需求更多还原

【Abstract】 With the fast development of science and technology, and the more and more intense market competition of globalization, modern enterprises are facing huge stress of survival and development. The traditional management method has no longer met the requirement of the constant market variance. Since the concept of supply chain management (SCM) was proposed not long ago, SCM has become an important tool for the enterprises to enhance their competition ability. Therefore, SCM has played more and more important role in the survival and development of enterprises. With the great success of SCM in many famous international enterprises, SCM has received more and more attention from academic interest and practical applications.In this paper, we are concerned with the coordination order quantity decision for fashion goods. The coordination policies are presented under different conditions, and the validity is also studied. Additionally, a supply chain network equilibrium model with competition is developed and a smoothing Newton algorithm is given to solve a nonsmooth equation reformulation of this model. The main contributions of this thesis include:Firstly, coordination order quantity decision is considered in a supply chain contract composed of one manufacturer and one retailer to meet the demand of a fashion good product with a short lifecycle. The coordination policies are proposed considering the different conditions being in the real-world. For example, to meet the random demand of product, the retailer will be expected to obtain more profit if another order may be placed at the end of the selling season. The expected profit of supply chain can be increased at the same time. The instance of uncertain delivery time is also considered, which means that the retailer will probably lose sales if the delivery time is late. Under the condition of random demand or uncertain delivery time, the manufacturer can coordinate with the retailer by a reasonable unit return price proposed. The coordination can also bring the expected profit of supply chain to be optimal.Secondly, observing that reasonable profit distribution will stimulate both parties to cooperate in the best interest of channel, the coordination policies which is flexibility enough to distribution the system profit between the manufacturer and the retailer are also presented. Still under the condition of uncertain delivery time, the quantity flexibility is introduced, which allows the retailer purchasing a更多还原